Chemical Constituents of the Rare Cliff Plant Oresitrophe rupifraga and Their Antineuroinflammatory Activity

Abstract

Four new (1 - 4) and thirteen known (5 - 17) compounds were isolated from a rare cliff plant, Oresitrophe rupifraga. Based on spectroscopic evidence, the new structures were established to be [(2S,3R,4R)-4-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]methanol (1), (3α)-23-(acetyloxy)-3-hydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (2), 3α,23-(isopropylidenedioxy)olean-12-en-29-oic acid (3, artifact of isolation), and (3β,15β)-3-hydroxycholest-5-en-15-yl β-d-glucopyranoside (4), respectively. Among the isolates, compounds 1, 4, epieudesmin (7), and 1-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)glycerol (17) were found to show significant antineuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells, with IC50 values of 7.21, 9.39, 4.96, and 8.51 μm, respectively.

Camellianols A–G, Barrigenol-like Triterpenoids with PTP1B Inhibitory Effects from the Endangered Ornamental Plant Camellia crapnelliana

“…1,2 Since 2013, special attention has been paid to the discovery of bioactive novel compounds from rare and endangered plants endemic to China. So far, several endangered conifers, e.g., Pinus dabeshanensis 3 and Abies beshanzuensis, 4 and the cultivated endangered ornamental Magnoliaceae plant Manglietia aromatic, 5 together with a few rare Chloranthaceae plants, e.g., Chloranthus sessilifolius 6 and Chloranthus oldhamii, 7 and the rare cliff plant Oresitrophe rupif raga, 8 have been investigated, and some of their secondary metabolites might potentially function as inhibitors of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) enzyme. 9 Camellia is the largest genus (about 280 species) in the family Theaceae, and more than 80% of the species are distributed in China.…”

“…Recently, a pioneering phylogenetic study of the terrestrial plants showed that nature-derived drugs are mainly produced by specific drug-productive plant families, and most endangered species are in those drug-producing families. , Since 2013, special attention has been paid to the discovery of bioactive novel compounds from rare and endangered plants endemic to China. So far, several endangered conifers, e.g., Pinus dabeshanensis and Abies beshanzuensis , and the cultivated endangered ornamental Magnoliaceae plant Manglietia aromatic , together with a few rare Chloranthaceae plants, e.g., Chloranthus sessilifolius and Chloranthus oldhamii , and the rare cliff plant Oresitrophe rupifraga , have been investigated, and some of their secondary metabolites might potentially function as inhibitors of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) enzyme …”

“…Thereafter, the wild species has also been found in several locations in southeastern China, and now people can plant these as ornamentals . During a continuing search for new bioactive compounds from wild and/or cultivated rare and endangered plants endemic to China, − seven new barrigenol-like and 10 related pentacyclic triterpenoids were isolated and identified from C. crapnelliana collected at a Cantonese Botanical Garden. Reported herein are their isolation, structural elucidation, and inhibitory effects on the PTP1B enzyme.…”

Natural Inhibitors on Over-Activation of Microglia from Herbals

“…Furthermore, many researchers have identified more than 70 flavonoids as potential inhibitors of neuroinflammation. [30][31][32][33][34][35] Herein, the SARs between flavonoids and anti-neuroinflammatory activities were studied in detail.…”

Bioclimatic projection of the ecological niche of curly mallow (Malva verticillata) based on the forecast of the dynamics of the geographical range in the context of global climate change

“…Lipid droplets (LDs) such as acylglycerides are dynamic organelles that regulate lipid storage and trafficking (Farese & Walther, 2009), and they play an important role in membrane and lipid transport, protein storage, protein degradation and replication of hepatitis C and dengue viruses (Martin & Parton, 2006). In addition, acylglyce-rides have been reported to have anticancer (Abdel-Hamid et al, 2012), anti-neuroinflammatory (Wu et al, 2016) andanti-tumour (Ramos-Bueno et al, 2016) activities. Mature seeds of M. verticillata have been used for centuries as a diuretic and laxative medicinal product (Azab, 2017).…”