Chemical Forms of Nickel and Cobalt in Phloem of <i>Ricinus communis</i>

Wiersma, D.; Goor, B. J. Van

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb02610.x

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…NA is involved in the long distance transport of metals inside the xylem and phloem, but other chelators are required for loading. High molecular weight compounds that chelate Ni, Co, and Fe are found in the phloem of Ricinus communis plants (Wiersma and Van Goor 1979;Maas et al 1988) and Zn-chelating peptides are found in Citrus spp. (Taylor et al 1988) but they have yet to be characterized in detail.…”

Section: Root-to-shoot Metal Translocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Toxicity

Manara

2012

SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science

194

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Plants, like all other organisms, have evolved different mechanisms to maintain physiological concentrations of essential metal ions and to minimize exposure to non-essential heavy metals. Some mechanisms are ubiquitous because they are also required for general metal homeostasis, and they minimize the damage caused by high concentrations of heavy metals in plants by detoxification, thereby conferring tolerance to heavy metal stress. Other mechanisms target individual metal ions (indeed some plants have more than one mechanism to prevent the accumulation of specific metals) and these processes may involve the exclusion of particular metals from the intracellular environment or the sequestration of toxic ions within compartments to isolate them from sensitive cellular components. As a first line of defense, many plants exposed to toxic concentrations of metal ions attempt to prevent or reduce uptake into root cells by restricting metal ions to the apoplast, binding them to the cell wall or to cellular exudates, or by inhibiting long distance transport. If this fails, metals already in the cell are addressed using a range of storage and detoxification strategies, including metal transport, chelation, trafficking, and sequestration into the vacuole. When these options are exhausted, plants activate oxidative stress defense mechanisms and the synthesis of stress-related proteins and signaling molecules, such as heat shock proteins, hormones, and reactive oxygen species.

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Section: Root-to-shoot Metal Translocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Toxicity

Manara

2012

SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science

194

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“…Currently, little information is available concerning the chemical forms of Ni and Mn in the phloem sap. In R. communis , Mn has been detected in association with low molecular weight peptides (van Goor and Wiersma 1976), whereas Ni can be complexed with negatively charged organic compounds with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000–5,000 Da (Wiersma and van Goor 1979).…”

Section: Vascular Transport Of Microelement Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant Vascular System: Evolution, Development and Functions^F

Lucas¹,

Groover²,

Lichtenberger³

et al. 2013

JIPB

612

444

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Contents Introduction 295 Evolution of the Plant Vascular System 295 Phloem Development & Differentiation 300 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Xylem Cell Differentiation 307 Spatial & Temporal Regulation of Vascular Patterning 311 Secondary Vascular Development 318 Physical and Physiological Constraints on Phloem Transport Function 321 Physical & Physiological Constraints on Xylem Function 328 Long‐distance Signaling Through the Phloem 339 Root‐to‐shoot Signaling 347 Vascular Transport of Microelement Minerals 351 Systemic Signaling: Pathogen Resistance 356 Future Perspectives 361 Acknowledgements 362 References 362 Abstract [ William J. Lucas (Corresponding author)] The emergence of the tracheophyte‐based vascular system of land plants had major impacts on the evolution of terrestrial biology, in general, through its role in facilitating the development of plants with increased stature, photosynthetic output, and ability to colonize a greatly expanded range of environmental habitats. Recently, considerable progress has been made in terms of our understanding of the developmental and physiological programs involved in the formation and function of the plant vascular system. In this review, we first examine the evolutionary events that gave rise to the tracheophytes, followed by analysis of the genetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vascular development in the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The two essential functions performed by the vascular system, namely the delivery of resources (water, essential mineral nutrients, sugars and amino acids) to the various plant organs and provision of mechanical support are next discussed. Here, we focus on critical questions relating to structural and physiological properties controlling the delivery of material through the xylem and phloem. Recent discoveries into the role of the vascular system as an effective long‐distance communication system are next assessed in terms of the coordination of developmental, physiological and defense‐related processes, at the whole‐plant level. A concerted effort has been made to integrate all these new findings into a comprehensive picture of the state‐of‐the‐art in the area of plant vascular biology. Finally, areas important for future research are highlighted in terms of their likely contribution both to basic knowledge and applications to primary industry.

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“…Other alterations in the metabolism of decline-stage trees include elevations of wood pH (Wutscher 1981) and the level of wood phenolics (Wiersma and Van Goor 1979) with increases in scion bark and leaf proline (Street and Peterson 1982). In addition, carbonic anhydrase and indoleacetic acid (IAA) oxidase, both Zn-requiring enzymes activities, decreased in declining trees (Bausher 1979;.…”

Section: Citrus Decline and Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%