Chemical Identification of Fungi

Nielsen, Kristian Fog; Smedsgaard, J√∏rn; Larsen, Thomas Ostenfeld; Lund, Flemming; Thrane, Ulf; Frisvad, Jens Christian

doi:10.1201/9780203913369.ch2

Cited by 24 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The tandem (or hyphenated) approach of LC-MS, which links high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to mass spectrometry (MS), has been successfully developed and applied for dereplication purposes. 117 LC-MS technology is generally considered as a highly efficient method to characterize known compounds by comparisons of molecular mass and UV absorption data with natural product databases including the Dictionary of Natural Products (DNP), 118 SciFinder 119 and Antibase. 120 However, database searches can be difficult and time-consuming due to a long list containing hundreds of compounds with similar molecular weights, especially for small molecules (MW = 200-600).…”

Section: Improvements Of Purification and Characterization Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of natural products to future pharmaceutical discovery

et al. 2007

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Natural products have provided considerable value to the pharmaceutical industry over the past half century. In particular, the therapeutic areas of infectious diseases and oncology have benefited from numerous drug classes derived from natural product sources. Unfortunately, pharmaceutical companies have significantly decreased activities in natural product discovery during the past several years. Biotechnology companies working in the fields of combinatorial biosynthesis, genetic engineering and metagenomic approaches to identify novel natural product lead molecules have had limited success. Despite what appears to be a slow death of natural product discovery research, many new and interesting molecules with biological activity have been published in the past few years. If natural product materials continue to be tested for desirable therapeutic activities, we believe that significant progress in identifying new antibiotics, oncology therapeutics and other useful medicines will be made.

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Section: Improvements Of Purification and Characterization Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of natural products to future pharmaceutical discovery

et al. 2007

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“…Carboxylic acids have a reputation of ionizing poorly in positive mode, however this is not always the case, although it is certainly true for phenolics and aromatic carboxylic acids. 225 Even small structural changes between molecules can induce significant changes in response factors, a good example of this scenario is the type A and B trichothecenes. The keto group in the Type B (presumably tautomerisation into a triol), are poorly detected using ESI + , however very good ionization is seen when using ESI − , whereas the opposite is the case for the type A ones.…”

Section: Target Analysis and Dereplication By Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic taxonomy and metabolite profiling in microbial drug discovery

et al. 2005

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Microorganisms and in particular actinomycetes and microfungi are known to produce a vast number of bioactive secondary metabolites. For industrially important fungal genera such as Penicillium and Aspergillus the production of these compounds has been demonstrated to be very consistent at the species level. This means that direct metabolite profiling techniques such as direct injection mass spectrometry or NMR can easily be used for chemotyping/metabolomics of strains from both culture collections and natural samples using modern informatics tools. In this review we discuss chemotyping/metabolomics as part of intelligent screening and highlight how it can be used for identification and classification of filamentous fungi and for the discovery of novel compounds when used in combination with modern methods for dereplication. In our opinion such approaches will be important for future effective drug discovery strategies, especially for dereplication of culture collections in order to avoid redundancy in the selection of species. This will maximize the chemical diversity of the microbial natural product libraries that can be generated from fungal collections.

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“…The extent to which HPLC is suited to mycotoxin separation can be gauged from the compilation of a database of retention times, retention indices, UV absorption maxima and predominant monoisotopic ions for 474 fungal metabolites. 32 Chromatographic detection has mostly been achieved with UV and fluorescence detectors, although the relatively recent successful application of atmospheric pressure ionization techniques has resulted in the development of a range of LC-MS or LC-MS/MS methods capable of very low detection limits. In addition, the evaporative light scattering detector has been applied to solutions of relatively high concentration, for example in determining the purity of standards or the levels of mycotoxins in fungal cultures.…”

Section: High-performance Liquid Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of mycotoxins in human foods

Shephard¹

2008

Chem. Soc. Rev.

167

104

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This tutorial review deals with the analytical methods available for the determination of mycotoxins in food commodities. As the secondary metabolites of a range of fungal species, mycotoxins possess diverse chemical structures, presenting analytical chemists with a unique set of challenges in the microg kg(-1) (ppb) range. A number of analytical methods have been applied to mycotoxin analysis. These include widely applicable HPLC methods with UV or fluorimetric detection, which are extensively used both in research and for legal enforcement of food safety legislation and for regulations in international agricultural trade. Other chromatographic methods, such as TLC and GC, are also employed for the determination of mycotoxins, whereas recent advances in analytical instrumentation have highlighted the potential of LC-MS methods, especially for multi-toxin determination and for confirmation purposes. Conventional chromatographic methods are generally time consuming and capital intensive, and hence a range of methods, mostly based on immunological principles, have been developed and commercialised for rapid analysis. These methods include, among others, enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA), direct fluorimetry, fluorescence polarization, and various biosensors and strip methods.

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Chemical Identification of Fungi

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

The value of natural products to future pharmaceutical discovery

The value of natural products to future pharmaceutical discovery

Phenotypic taxonomy and metabolite profiling in microbial drug discovery

Determination of mycotoxins in human foods

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