Chemical Investigation of the Fruits of Terminalia chebula

Reddy, B. Madhava; Rao, N. Kameswara; Ramesh, M.; Rao, A. V.; Lin, Luxiang; Cordell, Geoffrey A.

doi:10.3109/13880209409083014

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The identity of the fruits was cross checked with Prof. Appa Rao, University College of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, who worked on its chemistry earlier (Reddy et al, 1994). Samples of the fruits were deposited in the collections of the lab of the senior author and labeled as PR2007-B1.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chebulagic acid, a COX–LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., induces apoptosis in COLO-205 cell line

Reddy

Jyotsna

et al. 2009

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

133

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Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chebulagic acid, a COX–LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., induces apoptosis in COLO-205 cell line

Reddy

Jyotsna

et al. 2009

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

133

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“…It inhibits lipid peroxidation and also acts as scavenger of free radicals. It is rich in active ingredients like tannins, carbohydrates, saponins, ellagic acid, sorbitol and ascorbic acid [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the protective role of Triphala on the toxic and carcinogenic damage due to DMH induced ER stress in mouse liver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprotective Role of Triphala Against 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride Induced Carcinogenic Damage to Mouse Liver

Sharma

2011

Ind J Clin Biochem

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The present study was carried out to investigate the protective role of Triphala (a combination in equal proportions by weight of fruit powder of Terminalia belerica, Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis) against 1,2-dimethylhydrazinedihydrochloride (DMH) induced Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in mouse liver. An oral dose of 3 mg/kg body wt in drinking water for 5 weeks significantly (P \ 0.001) increased the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin thus suggesting damage to mouse liver and biliary dysfunction. The DMH administration invariably led to increase in the liver microsomal proteins of molecular weight of about 29 (ERp29) and 53 kDa (ERp53) and decrease in the protein of molecular weight of 36 kDa (ERp36) thereby suggesting the interference of DMH and its metabolites with normal protein biosynthesis and folding, in the reticular membranes of the liver cells thus developing ER stress. Histological studies show necrosis, large sized hepatocytes with increased N:C ratio, aberrant mitotic figures and prominent nucleoli in the liver of DMH treated mice. In animals fed 5% Triphala in diet (w/w) during DMH administration, there was significant decrease in the above changes in the liver suggesting the suppression of DMH induced ER stress in liver. Triphala significantly (P \ 0.05) decreased lipid peroxidation and also the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mouse liver. It simultaneously increased the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) thereby suggesting that it prevents peroxidative damage and also diverts the active metabolites (electrophiles) of DMH from their interactions with critical cellular bio-molecules which could be responsible for its protective action against DMH.

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“…8,19,24) In this work, we extracted the polyphenols using water-ethanol solution, and obtained a 33% yield of extracted dried material. The total phenolic content was determined at 28% calculated as gallic acid equivalents in dried extract material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polyphenol content is 25-30% in P. granatum, and 23-37% in T. chebula RETZ. 24) Their extracts have shown multiple pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, 8,15,25) cardiac action, antioxidant, 11,26) antitumor, 10,27,28) antiviral, 29) and the promotion of wound healing. 12,13) The intestinal tract contains the largest reservoir of bacteria and endotoxins in an animal's body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Extracts from Punica granatum and Terminalia chebula Are Anti-inflammatory and Increase the Survival Rate of Chickens Challenged with Escherichia coli

Zhong

Shi

Chen

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes inflammation in multiple organs of chickens called avian colibacillosis, and results in serious economic loss to the chicken industry. Polyphenolic compounds possess a wide range of physiological activities that may contribute to their beneficial effects against inflammation-related diseases. In this study, the curative effect and mechanism of action of the polyphenolic extracts from Punica granatum L. and Terminalia chebula RETZ. in chickens challenged with APEC were studied. Specific-pathogen-free white Leghorn chickens (males, 21-d old) were challenged with APEC and then given oral administration of extracts of P. granatum and T. chebula. The extracts decreased the morbidity and inflammation induced by APEC. Data from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the extracts of P. granatum and T. chebula polyphenols (GCP) reversed the over-expression genes of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4, and 5, down-regulated the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction pathways, and inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Naturally occurring GCP may be a potential alternative medicine for the prevention or treatment of avian colibacillosis. Key words polyphenol; Escherichia coli; specific-pathogen-free chick; anti-inflammatoryAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) 1) are E. coli strains that can cause acute and predominant systemic colibacillosis in birds. Avian colibacillosis is a complex syndrome characterized by multiple organ lesions with airsacculitis and associated pericarditis, perihepatitis and with peritonitis being most typical; and the additional diseases, septicaemia, chronic respiratory disease, vitellus infection, salpingitis, peritonitis, chronic skin infections, and osteomyelitis, 2) and swollen head syndrome 3) are usually involved. APEC is found in the intestinal microflora of healthy birds and most of the diseases associated with them result from environmental and host predisposing factors. APEC strains cause invasive infection in chickens, and more specifically in broilers. Diseases resulting from APEC decrease growth rate, increase mortality and morbidity, and cause significant economic losses in the poultry industry.2) APEC also can be transmitted to other animals or even humans by certain vectors, and can be a human health risk. 3,4)At present, the approach for the prevention and control of APEC infections include the control of environmental contamination and environmental parameters such as humidity and ventilation. Vaccines containing killed or attenuated virulent bacteria protect against infection with the homologous strain, but are less efficient against heterologous strains. Therefore, vaccination for colibacillosis is not widely practiced due to the large variety of strains involved in field outbreaks.1) Chemical drugs (antibiotics) are widely used, but antimicrobial compounds often eradicate intestinal commensal bacteria as well as pathogenic bacteria. The...

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Chemical Investigation of the Fruits of Terminalia chebula

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Chebulagic acid, a COX–LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., induces apoptosis in COLO-205 cell line

Chebulagic acid, a COX–LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., induces apoptosis in COLO-205 cell line

Chemoprotective Role of Triphala Against 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride Induced Carcinogenic Damage to Mouse Liver

Polyphenol Extracts from <i>Punica granatum</i> and <i>Terminalia chebula</i> Are Anti-inflammatory and Increase the Survival Rate of Chickens Challenged with <i>Escherichia coli</i>

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