Chemical qualitative analysis and spf value stability of nutmeg seed oil in microemulsions with tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactants and cosurfactants

Abstract

Nutmeg oil contains α-pinene, which can be used as sunscreen. The combination of Tween 80 and PEG 400 can maintain the stability of nutmeg oil microemulsion. This research was a follow-up study that aims to determine the stability of the SPF value and qualitative chemical content of nutmeg seed oil microemulsions (NSM). NSM was made with a nutmeg seed oil concentration of 6.4% and tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactants and cosurfactants with variations in the ratio of F1 (5: 4), F2 (6: 4), and F3 (7: 4). Nutmeg seed oil and NSM content was analyzed using GC-MS. NSM formula were tested for in vitro SPF value stability by storing NSM in a climatic chamber at 30 °C ± 2 °C with RH 65 % ± 5 % for 4 weeks. The SPF values were calculated every week. GC-MS data were analyzed descriptively and data of SPF value stability were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA. The GC-MS results of nutmeg seed oil showed 35 components, including significant compounds, namely αpinene, sabinene, β-phellandrene and also α-terpinolene. GC-MS results of NSM showed those significant compounds were still detected after being formulated in microemulsion. The results of the sunscreen activity test of NSM before storage were 10.31 ± 0.03 (F1); 10.47 ± 0.07 (F2); 10.45 ± 0.03 (F3) and did not show significant change after storage for 4 weeks (p > 0.05). The SPF values of NSM were categorized in maximum activity.

The photoprotective effectiveness of microemulsion gel made from an ethanol extract of kelakai root (Stenochlaena palustris (Brum. f) bedd.)

“…Combining surfactants and co-surfactants can produce clear microemulsion results (Shabrina et al, 2021). The droplet size of the resulting kelakai root ethanol extract microemulsion was 14.6 nm with a zeta potential of -42.5 mV (Table VI).…”

Physical Stability of Sea Buckthorn Oil Nanoemulsion with Tween 80 Variations

“…Penelitian ini dilakukan modifikasi surfaktan yaitu tween 80 yang dilakukan oleh Shabrina et al (2022) sebagai eksplorasi lanjutan pemanfaatan minyak nabati yaitu sea buckthorn. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh nanoemulsi minyak sea buckthorn yang stabil secara fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan dengan Tween 80 sebagai surfaktan.…”