Chemically Modified Electrodes for Recessed Microelectrode Array

Nanoenabling electrochemical sensors for life sciences applications

“…An example of the output has been reported recently for an NPG modified microelectrode array fabricated at the Tyndall National Institute. 160,161 The array was utilized for oxygen detection in water samples to analyse drinking water quality in rural India where the advantages of low cost miniaturized systems are apparent. The NPG modified micro-disc array outperformed by more than two fold the unmodified Au disc array, in terms of both the signal to noise ratio and the response time which help to facilitate remote sample analysis.…”

In Situ Voltammetric Sensor of Potentially Bioavailable Inorganic Mercury in Marine Aquatic Systems Based on Gel-Integrated Nanostructured Gold-Based Microelectrode Arrays

“…30 Indeed, nanomaterials have attractive physicochemical properties, including the enhanced diffusion of electroactive species, a high effective surface area, an improved selectivity, enhanced catalytic activity, thereby resulting in a higher signal-to-noise ratio. [31][32][33] Despite this tremendous attention, very few of the sensors reported have been successfully applied to the Hg(II) quantification at the low picomolar range (≤ 20 pM) and without the need of sensor regeneration between measurements, in fresh and marine waters. 22,23,27,30 Moreover, these low detection limits were only reached in strongly acidic media (0 ≤ pH ≤ 2) and after sample collection and handling.…”

“…Laffont et al and references therein) . Indeed, nanomaterials have attractive physicochemical properties, including the enhanced diffusion of electroactive species, high effective surface area, improved selectivity, and enhanced catalytic activity, thereby resulting in a higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. − Despite this tremendous attention, very few of the sensors reported have been successfully applied to the Hg­(II) quantification at the low picomolar range (≤20 pM) and without the need of sensor regeneration between measurements, in fresh and marine waters. ,,, Moreover, these low detection limits were only reached in strongly acidic media (0 ≤ pH ≤ 2) and after sample collection and handling. The sample handling included the following pretreatment steps: sample filtration and UV digestion to eliminate suspended particulate matters (SPM) and decompose the dissolved organic matter (DOM) that have a tendency to adsorb on the sensor surface and give rise to fouling ,, and sometimes medium exchange to minimize stripping of the gold itself by forming soluble chloro–gold complexes in the presence of high chloride concentration in acidic conditions .…”

Rapid and sensitive determination of doxorubicin in human whole blood by vertically-ordered mesoporous silica film modified electrochemically pretreated glassy carbon electrodes

“…Organosilanes including mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) have been reported to serve as the molecular glues to improve the adhesion of VMSF on the gold or GCE, but meanwhile electrode passivation will be come into play. [30][31][32] As we shall show in recent works, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets modied GCE not only enable stable growth of VMSF based on the formed covalent bonding between oxygen-containing groups of rGO and silanol groups, but also act as an electroactive layer to further promote the electroanalytical performance. 33,34 However, exploitation of such adhesive layers requires more chemical materials, complex steps and elaborate operations for uniform modication.…”