ChemInform Abstract: Cardamine sp. — A Review on Its Chemical and Biological Profiles

Montaut, Sabine; Bleeker, René S.

doi:10.1002/chin.201138262

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…All Cardamine pratensis tissues, including leaves, contain glucosinolates (GLS), which, when in contact with myrosinases enzymes, are degraded into glucose and sulfate, along with various nitrile, isothiocyanate, and thiocyanate molecules that are toxic or deterrent to both herbivores and pathogens (Giamoustaris & Mithen, 1995;Hopkins, Ekbom, & Henkow, 1998;Kliebenstein, Pedersen, Barker, & Mitchell-Olds, 2002;Lambrix, Reichelt, Mitchell-Olds, Kliebenstein, & Gershenzon, 2001). Glucosinolates are often classified into three classes of compounds depending on their side-chain: aliphatic, indole and aromatic, several of which have been shown to be effective against generalist and, to some extent, against specialist herbivores (Daxenbichler et al, 1991;Louda & Rodman, 1983;Montaut & Bleeker, 2011). Glucosinolates are known to vary quantitatively and qualitatively, across both individuals and populations of same species Mauricio, 1998).…”

Section: Studied Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable effects on growth and defense traits for plant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity along elevation gradients

Bakhtiari

Formenti

Caggìa

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Along ecological gradients, phenotypic differentiation can arise through natural selection on trait diversity and magnitude, and environment‐driven plastic changes. The magnitude of ecotypic differentiation versus phenotypic plasticity can vary depending on the traits under study. Using reciprocal transplant‐common gardens along steep elevation gradients, we evaluated patterns of ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of several growth and defense‐related traits for two coexisting but unrelated plant species, Cardamine pratensis and Plantago major . For both species, we observed ecotypic differentiation accompanied by plasticity in growth‐related traits. Plants grew faster and produced more biomass when placed at low elevation. In contrast, we observed fixed ecotypic differentiation for defense and resistance traits. Generally, low‐elevation ecotypes produced higher chemical defenses regardless of the growing elevation. Yet, some plasticity was observed for specific compounds, such as indole glucosinolates. The results of this study may suggest that ecotypic differentiation in defense traits is maintained by costs of chemical defense production, while plasticity in growth traits is regulated by temperature‐driven growth response maximization.

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Section: Studied Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable effects on growth and defense traits for plant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity along elevation gradients

Bakhtiari

Formenti

Caggìa

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae), including Cardamine species, contain GSLs that have been shown to be effective against generalist and to some extent against specialist herbivores (e.g. Louda & Rodman 1983;Daxenbichler et al 1991;Montaut & Bleeker 2011). When in contact with myrosinase, an enzyme present in separate specialized cells, GSLs are degraded into toxic sulphur-and nitrogen-containing by-products (Hopkins, van Dam & van Loon 2009).…”

Section: N a T U R A L H I S T O R Y S P E C I E S D I S T R I B U mentioning

confidence: 99%

The simultaneous inducibility of phytochemicals related to plant direct and indirect defences against herbivores is stronger at low elevation

et al. 2016

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1. Ecological theory indicates that warmer and more stable climates should result in stronger biotic interactions. Therefore, plant species growing at lower elevations and experiencing greater herbivore pressure should invest in higher levels of defences than those at higher elevations. Nonetheless, there are a number of studies that have found no effect of elevational gradients on plant defensive traits. Several factors might explain the lack of consistency for the altitude-defence relationships, including (i) the reduction of all defensive traits into one measure of resistance; (ii) not considering plant defence as the simultaneous expression of several defensive traits; and (iii) not considering the relative influence of biotic (e.g. herbivory) and abiotic (e.g. climate and soil conditions) factors associated with the ecological gradient.2. Here, we present a comprehensive test of the effects of elevation and its associated biotic and abiotic factors on the individual and simultaneous expression of constitutive direct and indirect defences and their inducibility (i.e. expression of defences after herbivore attack). Specifically, we estimated climatic and soil variables and measured herbivore damage and constitutive and jasmonic acid-induced glucosinolate levels in the leaves as a proxy for direct defences, and volatile emission as a proxy for indirect defences in 16 Cardamine species naturally growing along the steep elevational gradient of the Alps. 3. Within a phylogenetic comparative framework, we found that species growing at lower elevations invested more in the simultaneous inducibility of both direct and indirect defences, whereas species growing at higher elevations invested more in constitutive direct defences. Although we found strong elevational gradients in herbivory and climatic and soil variables, these biotic and abiotic factors only partially explained elevational patterns in plant defences. 4. Synthesis. These results highlight that the complex regulation of multiple defence traits strongly vary across elevational gradients and build towards a better understanding of the multiple mechanisms underlying trait evolution and species interactions along ecological gradients.

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“…Cardamine pratensis contain glucosinolates (GLS), which, when in contact with myrosinases, enzymes present in separate compartments of the cells, are degraded into glucose and sulphate, along with various nitrile, isothiocyanate, and thiocyanate molecules that are toxic or deterrent to generalist insect herbivores and some pathogens (Giamoustaris and Mithen, 1995; Hopkins et al , 1998; Kliebenstein et al , 2002; Lambrix et al , 2001). GLS are often classified into three classes of compounds depending on their side-chain: aliphatic, indole and aromatic, several of which have been shown to be effective against generalist and, to some extent, against specialist herbivores (Daxenbichler et al , 1991; Louda and Rodman, 1983; Montaut and Bleeker, 2011). GLS are known to vary quantitatively and qualitatively (Kliebenstein et al , 2001; Mauricio, 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Effects on Growth and Defence Traits for Plant Ecotypic Differentiation and Phenotypic Plasticity along Elevation Gradients

Bakhtiari

Formenti

Caggìa

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Along ecological gradients, ecotypes generally evolve as the result of local adaptation to a specific environment to maximize organisms’ fitness. Alongside ecotypic differentiation, phenotypic plasticity, as the ability of a single genotype to produce different phenotypes under different environmental conditions, can also evolve for favouring increased organisms’ performance in different environments. Currently, there is a lack in our understanding of how varying habitats may contribute to the differential contribution of ecotypic differentiation and plasticity in growth versus defence traits. Using reciprocal transplant-common gardens along steep elevation gradients, we evaluated patterns of ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of two coexisting but unrelated plant species, Cardamine pratensis and Plantago major. For both species, we observed ecotypic differentiation accompanied by plasticity in growth related traits. Plants grew faster and produced more biomass when placed at low elevation. In contrast, we observed fixed ecotypic differentiation for defence and resistance traits. Generally, low elevation ecotypes produced higher chemical defences regardless of the growing elevation. Yet, some plasticity was observed for specific compounds, such as indole glucosinolates. We speculate that ecotypic differentiation in defence traits is maintained by costs of chemical defence production, while plasticity in growth traits is regulated by temperature driven growth response maximization.

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ChemInform Abstract: Cardamine sp. — A Review on Its Chemical and Biological Profiles

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Variable effects on growth and defense traits for plant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity along elevation gradients

Variable effects on growth and defense traits for plant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity along elevation gradients

The simultaneous inducibility of phytochemicals related to plant direct and indirect defences against herbivores is stronger at low elevation

Variable Effects on Growth and Defence Traits for Plant Ecotypic Differentiation and Phenotypic Plasticity along Elevation Gradients

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