ChemInform Abstract: MEASUREMENTS OF ACTIVITY, SOLUBILITY, AND DIFFUSIVITY IN α AND Γ IRON‐TIN ALLOYS BETWEEN 1183 AND 1680 K

Arita, Minoru; Ohyama, Masanori; Gotō, Kazuhiro; Someno, Mayumi

doi:10.1002/chin.198130022

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The enrichment of Sn in the liquid phase and the cFe phase would decrease the activity of Fe because Sn has less positive effects than Cu on the activity coefficient of Fe while comparing activity data for Fe-Cu and Fe-Sn systems at 1480 K (1207°C) from literature. [53,54] To maintain the equilibrium between the wu¨stite layer and Fe, wu¨stite could decompose to release free oxygen. As the free oxygen diffuses down the open cracks, it could recombine to form oxygen molecules, and it is likely to react with Fe at the open crack surface where the Fe activity is high.…”

Section: F Oxide Formation In Open Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Small Additions of Tin on High-Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cu-Sn Alloys for Surface Hot Shortness

Yin

Sridhar

2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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Steel produced in an electric arc furnace contains a high amount of copper (Cu) that causes a surface-cracking phenomenon called surface hot shortness. It is known that tin (Sn) can exacerbate the hot shortness problem. A series of iron (Fe)-0.3 wt pct Cu-x wt pct Sn alloys with an Sn content ranging from 0.03 to 0.15 wt pct was oxidized in air at 1423 K (1150°C) for 60 seconds, 300 seconds, and 600 seconds using thermogravimetry. A numerical model developed in a previous article was applied to predict the liquid-cFe interface concentrations and interface morphology in the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary system. Scanning electron microscopy investigations show that (1) The interface between the oxide and the metal is planar as predicted by the numerical model, (2) Sn leads to severe Cu-rich liquid penetration and cracking along the grain boundaries, and (3) open cracks with Fe oxides were found beneath the oxide-metal interface. The focused ion beam serial-sectioning technique was used to reveal a three-dimensional structure of cracks in the grain boundary containing Cu-rich liquid and Fe oxides.

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Section: F Oxide Formation In Open Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Small Additions of Tin on High-Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cu-Sn Alloys for Surface Hot Shortness

Yin

Sridhar

2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…Phase equilibria of the binary Fe-Sn system have been examined by various research groups [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Properties Of Sn-fe And Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Sn–Bi–Fe thermodynamic modeling and Sn–Bi/Fe interfacial reactions

2010

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“…(b) In the Fe-Cu-Sn system, Sn has slightly less strong positive effects on Fe activity compared with Cu. [34,37] Sn enriches significantly in the liquid phase and Fe fraction in the liquid phase is similar to that in the Fe-Cu system. Fe activity is, therefore, expected to decrease slightly when Sn is substituted for Cu in the liquid phase.…”

Section: E Enrichment Of As Sb and Sn At The Oxide/metal Interfacementioning

confidence: 51%

“…(c) In the Fe-Cu-Sb system, Sb has less strong positive effects [36] on Fe activity compared with Cu and Sn. [34,37] Although the liquid phase contains a large amount of Sb (~25 wt pct), Fe content in the liquid phase could reach around 6 wt pct ( Figure 10(b)), which is more than that in the Fe-Cu. Thus, the Fe activity could decrease slightly compared with the Fe-Cu case.…”

Section: E Enrichment Of As Sb and Sn At The Oxide/metal Interfacementioning

confidence: 98%

“…›› (Less strongly increase) [34] fl Fe-Cu-As~6~2 fl (Slightly decrease) [35] fl Fe-Cu-Sb~6~25 › (increase) [36] fl tendency at the Fe grain boundary, [15,18] whereas As only has a weak segregation. [39,40] Therefore, although As itself is highly embrittling, the lesser amount of As at the grain boundaries may be a reason for it not causing as severe embrittlement as Sn and Sb.…”

Section: F Grain Boundary Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Residual Elements Arsenic, Antimony, and Tin on Surface Hot Shortness

Yin

Sridhar

2011

Metall Mater Trans B

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Scrap-based electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking is limited by a surface cracking problem in the recycled steel products, which is known as surface hot shortness. This problem originates from the excessive amount of copper (Cu) in the steel scrap, which enriches during the oxidation of iron (Fe) and consequently melts and penetrates into the austenite grain boundaries. In this article, the effects of arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and tin (Sn) on surface hot shortness were investigated. A series of Fe-0.3 wt pct Cu-x wt pct (As, Sb, or Sn) alloys with x content ranging from 0.06 to 0.10 wt pct was oxidized in air at 1423 K (1150°C) for 60, 300, and 600 seconds inside the chamber of a thermogravimety analyzer (TGA) where heat is supplied through infrared radiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations show that (1) the presence of Sb and Sn results in severe grain boundary cracking, whereas the presence of As does not, (2) open cracks with Fe oxides were found beneath the oxide/metal interface in the Sb and Sn alloys, and (3) the oxide/metal interfaces for all As, Sb, and Sn alloys are planar. Penetration experiments of pure Cu and Cu-30 wt pct Sn liquid were also conducted in the chamber of a hot-stage confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in nonoxidizing atmosphere: (1) on the Fe-35 wt pct manganese (Mn) alloys to study the correlation between cracking and grain boundary characters, and (2) on the pure Fe substrates to exclude the bulk segregation effects of Sn on grain boundary cracking. It was found that grain boundary cracking rarely took place on low-energy grain boundaries. The results also suggest that the bulk segregation of Sn in the substrate is not necessary to promote significant grain boundary cracking, and as long as the liquid phase contains Sn, it will be highly embrittling.

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ChemInform Abstract: MEASUREMENTS OF ACTIVITY, SOLUBILITY, AND DIFFUSIVITY IN α AND Γ IRON‐TIN ALLOYS BETWEEN 1183 AND 1680 K

Abstract: Die Aktivität von Sn in festem Fe wird durch Äquilibrierung von ursprünglich reinen Fe‐Plättchen mit flüssigen Ag‐Sn‐Legierungen bestimmt.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Small Additions of Tin on High-Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cu-Sn Alloys for Surface Hot Shortness

Effects of Small Additions of Tin on High-Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cu-Sn Alloys for Surface Hot Shortness

Sn–Bi–Fe thermodynamic modeling and Sn–Bi/Fe interfacial reactions

Effects of Residual Elements Arsenic, Antimony, and Tin on Surface Hot Shortness

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