Chemotaxis of leptospires to hemoglobin in relation to virulence

Yuri, Kazuyo; Takamoto, Y; Okada, Mizue; Hiramune, Takashi; Kikuchi, Naoya; Yanagawa, Ryo

doi:10.1128/iai.61.5.2270-2272.1993

Cited by 47 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Virulence can be restored before the irreversible loss by inoculating susceptible animals such as young guinea pigs (14). Hemolysins such as sphingomyelinase C have been previously purified (6) and the corresponding genes have been sequenced (41), but their involvement in pathogenesis is still unclear, even though chemotaxis of pathogenic leptospires to hemoglobin was recently described (46). Attachment of Leptospira to eukaryotic cells, suggesting a relationship between virulence and adhesion in pathogenic leptospires, has been investigated in L929 fibroblastic cells (43) and renal epithelial cells (3).…”

Section: Invasiveness Of Virulent Leptospires Was Significantly Inhibmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of Vero cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans are correlated with virulence

1997

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Interactions of virulent Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain Verdun with Vero cells (African green monkey kidney fibroblasts) and a monocyte-macrophage-like cell line (J774A.1) were assayed by a double-fluorescence immunolabelling method. Infectivity profiles were investigated according to (i) the duration of contact between leptospires and eukaryotic cells and (ii) the number of in vitro passages after primary isolation from lethally infected guinea pigs. Comparative experiments were conducted with the corresponding high-passage avirulent variant and the saprophytic leptospire Leptospira biflexa Patoc I. In Vero cells, virulent leptospires were quickly internalized from 20 min postinfection, whereas avirulent and saprophytic strains remained extracellularly located. In addition, the virulent strain demonstrated an ability to actively invade the monocyte-macrophage-like J774A.1 cells during the early stages of contact and to induce programmed cell death, as shown by the detection of oligonucleosomes in a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. In both cellular systems, subsequent in vitro subcultures demonstrated a progressive decrease of the invasiveness, pointing out the necessity of using primocultures of Leptospira for virulence studies. Invasiveness of virulent leptospires was significantly inhibited with monodansylcadaverine, indicating that internalization was dependent on receptor-mediated endocytosis. Invasion of epithelial cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages may be related to the pathogenicity of Leptospira, and both could contribute to its ability to survive in the host and to escape from the immune response.

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Section: Invasiveness Of Virulent Leptospires Was Significantly Inhibmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of Vero cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans are correlated with virulence

1997

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“…For example, in the chemotaxis of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, most amino acids, including serine and aspartate, can induce an attractive response (Melton et al, 1978), whereas phenol and acetate act as repellents (Tsang et al, 1973). In Leptospira, haemoglobin is an attractant for pathogenic strains but not for saprophytic strains (Yuri et al, 1993). This suggests that pathogenic strains can sense haemoglobin exuding from a break in the host's skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the chemotactic behaviour ofLeptospirausing microscopic agar-drop assay

Islam

Takabe

Kudo

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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Chemotaxis allows bacterial cells to migrate towards or away from chemical compounds. In the present study, we developed a microscopic agar-drop assay (MAA) to investigate the chemotactic behaviour of a coiled spirochete, Leptospira biflexa. An agar drop containing a putative attractant or repellent was placed around the centre of a flow chamber and the behaviour of free-swimming cells was analysed under a microscope. MAA showed that L. biflexa cells gradually accumulated around an agar drop that contained an attractant such as glucose. Leptospira cells often spin without migration by transformation of their cell body. The frequency at which cells showed no net displacement decreased with a higher glucose concentration, suggesting that sensing an attractive chemical allows these cells to swim more smoothly. Investigation of the chemotactic behaviour of these cells in response to different types of sugars showed that fructose and mannitol induced negative chemotactic responses, whereas xylose and lactose were non-chemotactic for L. biflexa. The MAA developed in this study can be used to investigate other chemoattractants and repellents.

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“…Spirochaeta aurantia is attracted to a number of different sugars and is aerotactic (15), whereas acids, alcohols, and sulfides were effective chemorepellants (20). Recently, Yuri et al (38) have demonstrated chemotaxis of virulent leptospires, but not avirulent strains, towards hemoglobin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotactic response to mucin by Serpulina hyodysenteriae and other porcine spirochetes: potential role in intestinal colonization

Milner

Sellwood

1994

Infect Immun

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Chemotaxis of porcine spirochetes towards a variety of mucins was measured quantitatively by a capillary method. A chemotaxis buffer consisting of 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and 0.2 mM L-cysteine hydrochloride was necessary for chemotaxis of spirochetes. The optimum incubation time and incubation temperature were 1 h and 40°C, respectively. The mucin concentration also affected the chemotaxis observed, and a concentration of 1% (wt/vol) was near the optimum. Virulent Serpulina hyodysenteriae strains were chemotactic towards 1% (wt/vol) hog gastric mucin and 1% (wt/vol) porcine colonic mucin but not towards 1% (wt/vol) bovine submaxillary mucin. Virulent S. hyodysenteriae strains were significantly more chemotactic than avirulent strains of S. hyodysenteriae (SA3 and VS1), Serpulina intermedius, and Serpulina innocens. Other spirochetes belonging to the proposed group of spirochetes Anguillina coli were also not chemotactic.

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Chemotaxis of leptospires to hemoglobin in relation to virulence

Cited by 47 publications

References 2 publications

Invasion of Vero cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans are correlated with virulence

Invasion of Vero cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans are correlated with virulence

Analysis of the chemotactic behaviour ofLeptospirausing microscopic agar-drop assay

Chemotactic response to mucin by Serpulina hyodysenteriae and other porcine spirochetes: potential role in intestinal colonization

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