Chicken Combs and Wattles as Sources of Bioactive Peptides: Optimization of Hydrolysis, Identification by LC-ESI-MS2 and Bioactivity Assessment

Abstract

The production of bioactive peptides from organic by-waste materials is in line with current trends devoted to guaranteeing environmental protection and a circular economy. The objectives of this study were i) to optimize the conditions for obtaining bioactive hydrolysates from chicken combs and wattles using Alcalase, ii) to identify the resulting peptides using LC-ESI-MS2 and iii) to evaluate their chelating and antioxidant activities. The hydrolysate obtained using a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 5% (w/w) and 240 min of hydrolysis showed excellent Fe2+ chelating and antioxidant capacities, reducing Fe3+ and inhibiting 2, 2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The mapping of ion distribution showed that a high degree of hydrolysis led to the production of peptides with m/z ≤ 400, suggesting low mass peptides or peptides with multiple charge precursor ions. The peptides derived from the proteins of cartilage like Collagen alpha-2(I), Collagen alpha-1(I), Collagen alpha-1(III) and elastin contributed to generation of bioactive compounds. Hydrolysates from chicken waste materials could be regarded as candidates to be used as ingredients to design processed foods with functional properties.

In vitro inhibition of glucose gastro‐intestinal enzymes and antioxidant activity of hydrolyzed collagen peptides from different species

“…The response regarding the ORAC method becomes physiologically relevant, since this method better reflects the antioxidant actions in vivo. Similarly, other sources of collagen, such as chicken peptides also presented positive effect in the ABTS assay (Bezerra et al, 2020).…”

“…TA B L E 3 Distribution of total amino acids (g/100 g of sample) of commercial collagen hydrolysates from different animal species collagen, such as chicken peptides also presented positive effect in the ABTS assay (Bezerra et al, 2020).…”

Ten years of research on bioactive peptides in Brazil: a scientometric analysis

“…Bioactive peptides exhibit bioactivity (unimodal or multimodal) based on the length and arrangement of amino acids in their chain (Bezerra et al, 2020;Cruz et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2021). Figure 6 shows the number of published studies according to the underlying therapeutic purpose.…”

Peptidomics: new trends in food science

“…The production of protein hydrolysates has been extensively exploited in the last years as a cheap and environmental friendly process to increase the added-value of waste and by-products. In this context, peptidomics techniques have been applied to profile the bioactive peptides released after hydrolysis of protein-rich food waste and by-products [51][52][53][54]. For instance, whey and 'scotta' are highly pollutant dairy liquids resulting from cheese-making and Ricotta cheese-making processes, respectively [55,56].…”

“…Peptidomics approaches have been also utilized to profile bioactive peptides released after hydrolysis of food byproducts from animal or vegetable sources [53,54].…”