Chikungunya: vaccines and therapeutics

Tharmarajah, Kothila; Mahalingam, Suresh; Zaid, Ali

doi:10.12688/f1000research.12461.1

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Several agents have demonstrated activity against CHIKV in vitro, and monoclonal antibodies have shown efficacy in animal models (172)(173)(174)(175), but currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for CHIKV and management remains symptomatic. With the exception of joint pain, the symptoms of acute chikungunya typically resolve over a few days to 1 week (1,68).…”

Section: Prognosis Outcome and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Fever and Pain: Diagnostic Methods for Chikungunya Virus

2019

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that is primarily transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes. Though reports of an illness consistent with chikungunya date back over 200 years, CHIKV only gained worldwide attention during a massive pandemic that began in East Africa in 2004. Chikungunya, the clinical illness caused by CHIKV, is characterized by a rapid onset of high fever and debilitating joint pain, though in practice, etiologic confirmation of CHIKV requires the availability and use of specific laboratory diagnostics. Similar to infections caused by other arboviruses, CHIKV infections are most commonly detected with a combination of molecular and serological methods, though cell culture and antigen detection are reported. This review provides an overview of available CHIKV diagnostics and highlights aspects of basic virology and epidemiology that pertain to viral detection. Although the number of chikungunya cases has decreased since 2014, CHIKV has become endemic in countries across the tropics and will continue to cause sporadic outbreaks in naive individuals. Consistent access to accurate diagnostics is needed to detect individual cases and initiate timely responses to new outbreaks.

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Section: Prognosis Outcome and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Fever and Pain: Diagnostic Methods for Chikungunya Virus

2019

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“…Prophylactic or therapeutic treatment for CHIKV infections is still not available on the market, and vector control measures do not provide the ultimate solution [4]. Although progress is being made in CHIKV vaccine and antiviral drug development [3,[5][6][7], we would still be poorly prepared in the face of a new CHIKV epidemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suramin Inhibits Chikungunya Virus Replication by Interacting with Virions and Blocking the Early Steps of Infection

Albulescu

White-Scholten

Taş

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that can cause a debilitating disease that is primarily characterized by persistent joint pain. CHIKV has been emerging globally, while neither a vaccine nor antiviral medication is available. The anti-parasitic drug suramin was previously shown to inhibit CHIKV replication. In this study we aimed to obtain more detailed insight into its mechanism of action. We found that suramin interacts with virions and can inhibit virus binding to cells. It also appeared to inhibit post-attachment steps of the infection process, likely by preventing conformational changes of the envelope glycoproteins required for fusion and the progression of infection. Suramin-resistant CHIKV strains were selected and genotyping and reverse genetics experiments indicated that mutations in E2 were responsible for resistance. The substitutions N5R and H18Q were reverse engineered in the E2 glycoprotein in order to understand their role in resistance. The binding of suramin-resistant viruses with these two E2 mutations was inhibited by suramin like that of wild-type virus, but they appeared to be able to overcome the post-attachment inhibitory effect of suramin. Conversely, a virus with a G82R mutation in E2 (implicated in attenuation of vaccine strain 181/25), which renders it dependent on the interaction with heparan sulfate for entry, was more sensitive to suramin than wild-type virus. Using molecular modelling studies, we predicted the potential suramin binding sites on the mature spikes of the chikungunya virion. We conclude that suramin interferes with CHIKV entry by interacting with the E2 envelope protein, which inhibits attachment and also interferes with conformational changes required for fusion.

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“…Tal fato ocorre devido à diminuição de tromboxano, ligados a um tipo de lipídeo favorecendo a agregação plaquetária. 17,19 Vale ressaltar que durante a fase crônica do CHIK alguns pacientes não respondem mais ao tratamento inicial com AINES, em razão disto, são utilizadas drogas antirreumáticas como a Hidroxicloroquina, Sulfassalazina e Metotrexato para aliviar a dor e inchaço nas articulações. 20 Além disso, os analgésicos opioides como a Codeína pode ser utilizado em associação com a dipirona ou paracetamol, quando não Em vista disso, a percepção dos idosos apresentadas por livre escolha quanto aos serviços farmacêuticos ainda está em bastante construção, tornando o profissional farmacêutico mais reconhecido no mercado de trabalho, profissional esse que oferece assistência e cuidado aos pacientes com doenças crônicas e agudas, seja por medidas educativas, aferição de pressão arterial, testes de glicemia, assim como a atenção voltada ao acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico.…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

Prevalência de Chikungunya e manejo clínico em idosos

et al. 2020

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Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de Chikungunya e as medidas terapêuticas utilizadas entre os idosos que frequentam a casa de acolhida Remanso da Paz-CE. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo do tipo transversal, descritivo, explicativo com abordagem baseado em evidências de caráter quali-quantitativo, realizado durante os meses de outubro a dezembro de 2017, no município de Quixadá-CE, incluído idosos com idade acima de 60 anos e portadores da infecção mencionada. Foi aplicado um formulário para coleta de dados e colhido a opinião dos idosos que se sentiram dispostos a relatar sobre a contribuição dos serviços prestados depois do estudo, sendo disponibilizado no final um folder educativo contendo informações sobre a doença. Dos 27 idosos entrevistados, apenas 19 idosos continuaram na pesquisa. O trabalho foi submetido e aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa com seres humanos com o parecer nº 2.316.127. Resultados: 70,3% dos idosos entrevistados tiveram infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya, e alegaram ter viajado para regiões epidêmicas. Houve maior predominância de mulheres 52,6% entre 63 a 92 anos de idade. As manifestações clínicas relatadas foram febre e dores articulares (100%). Foram usadas compressas de gelo (52,6%), hidratação (63,2%), Dipirona (84,2%), Paracetamol (89,5%) e Ácido Acetilsalicílico (36,8%). Para suprir a falta de informação, realizaram-se atividades na forma de palestras e conversação individualizada, disponibilizando ao final da entrevista um folder informativo. Conclusão: notou-se uma prevalência elevada da infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya e a carência de um acompanhamento multiprofissional, porém, as ações educativas aplicadas supriram a falta de informação.

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Chikungunya: vaccines and therapeutics

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Beyond Fever and Pain: Diagnostic Methods for Chikungunya Virus

Beyond Fever and Pain: Diagnostic Methods for Chikungunya Virus

Suramin Inhibits Chikungunya Virus Replication by Interacting with Virions and Blocking the Early Steps of Infection

Prevalência de Chikungunya e manejo clínico em idosos

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