Childhood stunting in Northeast Brazil: the role of Schistosoma mansoni infection and inadequate dietary intake

Assis, Ana Marlúcia Oliveira; Prado, Matildes da Silva; Barreto, Maurício L.; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão dos; Pinheiro, Sandra Maria Conceição; Parraga, Isabel M.; Blanton, Ronald E.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601926

Cited by 57 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Though both stunting and wasting were prevalent in our study, we did not find the associations with schistosomiasis that other investigators have shown. [50][51][52] Our inability to reproduce the association is likely caused by residual confounding from unmeasured variables. The overwhelming support from other studies argues that anthropometry should remain in the toolkit for morbidity assessments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni Morbidity among School-Aged Children: A SCORE Project in Kenya

Samuels

Matey²,

Mwinzi³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Schistosomiasis control programs aim to reduce morbidity but are evaluated by infection prevalence and intensity reduction. We present baseline cross-sectional data from a nested cohort study comparing indicators of morbidity for measuring program impact. Eight hundred twenty-two schoolchildren 7-8 years of age from Nyanza Province, Kenya, contributed stool for diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and blood smears for malaria, and were evaluated for anemia, quality of life, exercise tolerance, anthropometry, and ultrasound abnormalities. Schistosoma mansoni, STH, and malaria infection prevalence were 69%, 25%, and 8%, respectively. Only anemia and S. mansoni infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.70; confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-2.80), and hepatomegaly and heavy S. mansoni infection (aOR = 2.21; CI = 1.19-4.11) were associated. Though anemia and hepatomegaly appeared most useful at baseline, additional morbidity indicators may be sensitive longitudinal measures to evaluate schistosomiasis program health impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni Morbidity among School-Aged Children: A SCORE Project in Kenya

Samuels

Matey²,

Mwinzi³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…[15,36] and intervention studies that showed improved growth performance after schoolchildren were treated with anthelminthic drugs [37][38][39][40]. Intestinal helminth infections could affect linear growth and nutritional status through several mechanisms including decline in food intake [39,41]; nutrient wastage from blood loss, malabsorption and diarrheal episodes [41,42]; and suppression of hormones required for bone growth like the growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [43]. The WHO recommends regular school- based deworming programs with a target to cover at least 75% of school-aged children at risk by the year 2020 [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal helminth infections and dietary diversity score predict nutritional status of urban schoolchildren from southern Ethiopia

Getachew

Argaw

2017

BMC Nutr

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Background: Undernutrition is a major public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia where schoolchildren are among the vulnerable groups. However, limited attention has been given for the nutritional status of schoolchildren including the lack of available evidence on the magnitude and modifiable risk factors in different parts of the country. Thus, we aimed at determining the magnitude and predictors of undernutrition among schoolchildren in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in March and April, 2014 involving 532 schoolchildren aged 7 to 14 years. A two-stage probability sampling procedure was applied to select study schools and subjects. Anthropometry measurements were taken using standardized techniques and calibrated equipment. Intestinal parasite infections were determined from stool samples using direct saline method and formal ether concentration technique; whereas data on demographic and relevant risk factors were gathered through structured interview of caretakers. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of stunting and wasting in the study population. Results: The prevalence of stunting and wasting were 26.0% (95% CI: 22.3, 30.1%) and 11.7% (95% CI: 9.1, 14.9%), respectively. In multivariable model, poor household wealth [AOR (95% CI) = 3.2 (1.2, 8. Conclusions: Both acute and chronic malnutrition are prevalent among schoolchildren in the study area where intestinal parasite infections, poor dietary quality and common illnesses are important modifiable risk factors. A comprehensive school-based health and nutrition intervention involving parents may help to alleviate the problem including regular deworming and promotion of personal hygiene and balanced diet.

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“…These concerns, together with a need to better understand a number of fundamental clinical and epidemiological aspects of human helminth infections as well as their interactions with geographically overlapping coinfections (e.g., malaria and HIV/AIDS) have created an urgency for stepped up clinical research activities as they relate to largescale helminth control. Such activities have focused around three major areas: first, a reexamination of the health impact of human helminthic infections, with particular interest in the effects of mono- and polyparasitism on childhood growth and development as well as their effects on pregnancy and birth outcomes (63,(136)(137)(138)(139)(140); second, large-scale monitoring and evaluation of MDA and integrated control, along with operational research with goals to improve the access of populations to anthelminthic drugs and to monitor for possible drug resistance (141)(142)(143)(144)(145); and third, the development of new tools to control helminth infections, that is, drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines (19,146).…”

Section: Global Control Of Helminthiases and Clinical Research Imperamentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases

et al. 2008

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Helminths are parasitic worms. They are the most common infectious agents of humans in developing countries and produce a global burden of disease that exceeds better-known conditions, including malaria and tuberculosis. As we discuss here, new insights into fundamental helminth biology are accumulating through newly completed genome projects and the nascent application of transgenesis and RNA interference technologies. At the same time, our understanding of the dynamics of the transmission of helminths and the mechanisms of the Th2-type immune responses that are induced by infection with these parasitic worms has increased markedly. Ultimately, these advances in molecular and medical helminth biology should one day translate into a new and robust pipeline of drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines for targeting parasitic worms that infect humans.

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Childhood stunting in Northeast Brazil: the role of Schistosoma mansoni infection and inadequate dietary intake

Abstract: This study was supported by the Thrasher Foundation. Sandra Maria Conceição Pinheiro is a National Council on Technological Development Scholarship Awardee (CNPq), #302228/81-0.

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Schistosoma mansoni Morbidity among School-Aged Children: A SCORE Project in Kenya

Schistosoma mansoni Morbidity among School-Aged Children: A SCORE Project in Kenya

Intestinal helminth infections and dietary diversity score predict nutritional status of urban schoolchildren from southern Ethiopia

Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases

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