Children’s exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Valencian Region (Spain): Urinary levels, predictors of exposure and risk assessment

Fernández, Sandra F.; Pardo, Olga; Hernández, Cristina S; Garlito, Borja; Yusà, Vicent; force, Bioval task

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106535

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The HQ results obtained in the current investigation were consistent with those of the research conducted by Fernandez among the children exposed to OH-PAHs in Spain (Fernández et al 2021 ). Statistical analysis was performed to determine the most effective variable in increasing the health risk in the exposed population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The present study findings indicated that the highest and lowest were related to 9-hydroxyphenanthrene and 1-hydroxypyrene, respectively, in both exposed and unexposed groups. These results were consistent with the findings of a prior research on the children aged 7–13 years in Chongqing, China (Liu et al 2017 ), but not with those reported in Canada’s general population (Ratelle et al 2020 ), Canadian pregnant women (Nethery et al 2012 ), and Spanish children (Fernández et al 2021 ). In these studies, 2-hydroxynaphthalene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene had the highest and lowest concentrations, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure assessment of children living in homes with hookah smoking parents to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: urinary level, exposure predictors, and risk assessment

Tabatabaei

Shamsedini

Mohammadpour

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children are extremely liable to indoor air pollutants as their physiology and a few metabolic pathways are different from those of adults. The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess exposure of children living with parents who use hookah tobacco smoke to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using a biomonitoring approach. The study was conducted on 25 children (7–13 years of age) exposed to hookah smoke at home and 25 unexposed age-matched children. Urinary levels of five metabolites of PAHs were quantified via headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured, as well. Information regarding the sociodemographic and lifestyle conditions was collected through interviews using managed questionnaires. The urinary 1-OH-NaP and 9-OH-Phe concentrations were respectively 1.7- and 4.6-folds higher in the case samples compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). In addition, urinary MDA levels were 1.4 times higher in the exposed children than in the unexposed group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( p > 0.05). Increasing the consumption of grilled and meat food in the diet increased the participants’ urinary 2-OH-Flu and 1-OH-Pyr levels, respectively. Moreover, sleeping in the living room instead of the bedroom at night was a significant predictor of high 1-OH-NaP and 2-OH-NaP concentrations in the children’s urine. Overall, the findings confirmed that children living in their homes with hookah-smoking parents were significantly exposed to naphthalene and phenanthrene. Hence, implementing protective measures is critical to reduce the exposure of this group of children. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-20589-0.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exposure assessment of children living in homes with hookah smoking parents to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: urinary level, exposure predictors, and risk assessment

Tabatabaei

Shamsedini

Mohammadpour

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PAHs metabolites were detected in over 78% of urine samples from 522 children, aged 5–12 years of Valencia, Spain, and 2-NAP was detection rate in 100%. In addition to the consumption of legumes and packaged foods, the education level, demographic characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics were previously identified as the most relevant factors influencing PAHs exposure levels in children [ 89 ]. Children were more susceptible to PAHs exposure than adults [ 90 ], and higher concentrations of PAH metabolites were found when household cooking was conducted with heating fuels and gases [ 91 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population—Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015–2017

Jung

Choi

Kim

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) program provides useful information on chemical exposure, serves as the basis for environmental health policies, and suggests appropriate measures to protect public health. Initiated on a three-year cycle in 2009, it reports the concentrations of major environmental chemicals among the representative Korean population. KoNEHS Cycle 3 introduced children and adolescents into the analysis, where the blood and urine samples of 6167 participants were measured for major metals, phthalates, phenolics, and other organic compounds. Lead, mercury, cadmium, metabolites of DEHP and DnBP, and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels of the Korean adult population tended to decrease compared to previous survey cycles but remained higher than those observed in the US or Canada. Both bisphenol A (BPA) and trans,trans-muconic acid concentrations have increased over time. Heavy metal concentrations (blood lead, and cadmium) in children and adolescents were approximately half that of adults, while some organic substances (e.g., phthalates and BPA) were high. BPA showed higher levels than in the US or Canada, whereas BPF and BPS showed lower detection rates in this cycle; however, as these are increasingly used as a substitute for BPA, further research is necessary. As environmental chemicals may affect childhood health and development, additional analyses should assess exposure sources and routes through continuous observations.

show abstract

“…For the health risk assessment related to exposure to PAHs, the following equation was used (Eq. 1 ): where EDI = the estimated daily intake of the PAH parent compound (ng/kg-bw⋅day) CU = molar concentration of the sum of OH-PAHs in urine (nmol/l for EDI) V 24 h = total urinary volume excreted within 24 h for adults (1.6 l/day) 19 MW = molecular weight of the parent PAHs compound (Nap = 128.17, Flu = 166.22, Phe = 178.23, and Pyr = 202.26 g/mol) F UE = fraction of the oral intake dose of PAHs excreted as urine OH-PAHs (Nap = 1, Flu = 0.78, Phe = 0.09, and Pyr = 0.08) 20 BW = body weight. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F UE = fraction of the oral intake dose of PAHs excreted as urine OH-PAHs (Nap = 1, Flu = 0.78, Phe = 0.09, and Pyr = 0.08) 20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in individuals living near restaurants: a cross-sectional study in Shiraz, Iran

Shamsedini

Dehghani

Samaei

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent toxic substances that have ubiquitous presence in water, air, soil, and sediment environments, posing serious environmental risks. The present study aimed to investigate the concentrations of urinary PAHs and their health effects in individuals living near restaurants via a health risk assessment analysis. This cross-sectional study was performed on 57 people living near restaurants and 30 individuals as the control group. Five urinary metabolites of PAHs were monitored. In order to evaluate the effects of the urinary metabolites of PAHs on Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, Total Anti-oxidation Capacity (TAC) in urine samples, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in serum samples, regression model was used by considering the effects of the possible confounding factors. Non-carcinogenic health risk was calculated, as well. The median concentration of urinary PAHs was 1196.70 and 627.54 ng/g creatinine in the people living near restaurants and the control group, respectively. Among the metabolites, the lowest and highest mean concentrations were related to 9-OHPhe and 1-OHP, respectively in the two study groups. Moreover, PAHs were significantly associated with MDA level and TAC (p < 0.05). Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) were less than 1. Long-term studies are required to determine the actual health effects by identifying the sources of PAHs emission and to find ways to decrease the production of these compounds.

show abstract

Children’s exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Valencian Region (Spain): Urinary levels, predictors of exposure and risk assessment

Cited by 35 publications

References 71 publications

Exposure assessment of children living in homes with hookah smoking parents to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: urinary level, exposure predictors, and risk assessment

Exposure assessment of children living in homes with hookah smoking parents to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: urinary level, exposure predictors, and risk assessment

Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population—Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015–2017

Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in individuals living near restaurants: a cross-sectional study in Shiraz, Iran

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About