Chitin and chitosan: chemistry, solubility, fiber formation, and their potential applications

Knidri, Hakima El; Laajeb, Ali; Lahsini, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817970-3.00002-x

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Moreover, the joint presence of the amino and hydroxyl groups on each deacetylated unit renders chitosan more water-soluble and chemically reactive than chitin. Due to their pk a values (≈6.3), the free amino groups in GlcN residues are protonated at slightly acid pHs, making chitosan the only naturally occurring cationic glycan [15]. A further consequence is the polymer's solubility in slightly acid aqueous solution as opposed to chitin [16].…”

Section: Physicochemical and Functional Properties Of Chitin And Chit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some properties of chitin and chitosan, such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-allergenicity, associated with bioactivity and suitable adsorption properties, render them appropriate alternative options to artificial polymers [24,25]. Another reason underlying their success is that they can be manufactured to yield several forms, including beads, flakes, membranes, gels, and fibers [15]. As a consequence, they have been exploited as carriers for enzyme immobilization [26,27], coagulating agents in effluents treatment, as food preservatives [28], hypocholesterolemic, and wound healing agents, and as components of several drug delivery systems [29,30].…”

Section: Physicochemical and Functional Properties Of Chitin And Chit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan Production by Fungi: Current State of Knowledge, Future Opportunities and Constraints

et al. 2022

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Conventionally, the commercial supply of chitin and chitosan relies on shellfish wastes as the extraction sources. However, the fungal sources constitute a valuable option, especially for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, due to the batch-to-batch unsteady properties of chitin and chitosan from conventional ones. Fungal production of these glycans is not affected by seasonality enables accurate process control and, consequently, more uniform properties of the obtained product. Moreover, liquid and solid production media often are derived from wastes, thus enabling the application of circular economy criteria and improving the process economics. The present review deals with fungal chitosan production processes focusing on waste-oriented and integrated production processes. In doing so, contrary to other reviews that used a genus-specific approach for organizing the available information, the present one bases the discussion on the bioprocess typology. Finally, the main process parameters affecting chitosan production and their interactions are critically discussed.

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Section: Physicochemical and Functional Properties Of Chitin And Chit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physicochemical and Functional Properties Of Chitin And Chit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Production by Fungi: Current State of Knowledge, Future Opportunities and Constraints

et al. 2022

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“…With the needle-free technique, the wire is coated with an electrospinning solution. Therefore, there is no solution feed rate in this technique [101,102].…”

Section: Feed Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning of Chitosan for Antibacterial Applications—Current Trends

2021

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Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that can be suitable for a wide range of applications due to its biocompatibility, rigid structure, and biodegradability. Moreover, it has been proven to have an antibacterial effect against several bacteria strains by incorporating the advantages of the electrospinning technique, with which tailored nanofibrous scaffolds can be produced. A literature search is conducted in this review regarding the antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-based nanofibers in the filtration, biomedicine, and food protection industries. The results are promising in terms of research into sustainable materials. This review focuses on the electrospinning of chitosan for antibacterial applications and shows current trends in this field. In addition, various aspects such as the parameters affecting the antibacterial properties of chitosan are presented, and the application areas of electrospun chitosan nanofibers in the fields of air and water filtration, food storage, wound treatment, and tissue engineering are discussed in more detail.

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“…Natural polymers, such as polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids, are components of biological systems responsible for performing a wide range of essential functions [ 1 ]. For instance, certain natural polymers play a key role in the maintenance of the structural integrity of cells in plants and animals (e.g., cellulose [ 2 ] and chitin [ 3 ]), while others offer biological protection against surrounding environments (e.g., lysozyme [ 4 ]). The diversity in terms of provenance and composition provides these natural polymers with distinct physicochemical and biological properties that can be of interest in various fields [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Polymers-Based Materials: A Contribution to a Greener Future

et al. 2021

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Natural polymers have emerged as promising candidates for the sustainable development of materials in areas ranging from food packaging and biomedicine to energy storage and electronics. In tandem, there is a growing interest in the design of advanced materials devised from naturally abundant and renewable feedstocks, in alignment with the principles of Green Chemistry and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This review aims to highlight some examples of the research efforts conducted at the Research Team BioPol4fun, Innovation in BioPolymer-based Functional Materials and Bioactive Compounds, from the Portuguese Associate Laboratory CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials at the University of Aveiro, regarding the exploitation of natural polymers (and derivatives thereof) for the development of distinct sustainable biobased materials. In particular, focus will be given to the use of polysaccharides (cellulose, chitosan, pullulan, hyaluronic acid, fucoidan, alginate, and agar) and proteins (lysozyme and gelatin) for the assembly of composites, coatings, films, membranes, patches, nanosystems, and microneedles using environmentally friendly strategies, and to address their main domains of application.

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Chitin and chitosan: chemistry, solubility, fiber formation, and their potential applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 80 publications

Chitosan Production by Fungi: Current State of Knowledge, Future Opportunities and Constraints

Chitosan Production by Fungi: Current State of Knowledge, Future Opportunities and Constraints

Electrospinning of Chitosan for Antibacterial Applications—Current Trends

Natural Polymers-Based Materials: A Contribution to a Greener Future

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