Chitinase and Chitinolytic Microorganism : Isolation, Characterization and Potential

Abstract

Chitinase is enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin, a polimer of b-1,4-N-Acetilglucosamine which is the most abundant natural resource after cellulose. Chitinolytic microorganism can be found in environment like soil and water that contain chitin, or in extreme environment which is known as thermofilic microorganism. Chitinolytic microorganism is identified by recognizing the morphological and physiological properties based on Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The sequence data of the 16S rRNA genes is determinated in the GeneBank nucleotide sequence database. Chitinase activity can be qualitatively determined from the clearance zone around the colony formed in agar medium containing colloidal chitin. Chitinase can be utilized as biocontrol agent and derivate chitin as the result of chitinase degradation which can be used in the fieltd of health, food, industry and waste management Keywords: Biocontrol, chitin, chitinase, chitinolytic microorganism

Immobilization ofAeromonas bivalviumPT2 Cells with Alginate and Measurement of Chitinolytic Activities

“…After the beads are formed, then the activity test of the bacterium Aeromonas bivalvium is carried out quantitatively by the colorimetric method which is examined by its absorption using a spectrophotometer. The type of chitinase bacterium Aeromonas bivalvium is included in the genus Aeromonas which has the potential to produce endocytinase [8]. Endocytinase is an enzyme that degrades chitin randomly from internal microfibrils and produces chitin oligosaccharides.…”

Efektivitas enzim kasar kitinase dari jamur Trichoderma viride yang diiradiasi oleh sinar gamma terhadap degradasi cangkang telur nematoda Haemonchus contortus pada ternak domba

“…Aktivitas enzim kasar kitinase Trichoderma viride pada dosis irradiasi sinar gamma yang berbeda. (Herdyastuti et al, 2009). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik nuklir dengan radiasi sinar gamma dapat meningkatkan aktivitas enzim ekstraseluler pada kapang berfilamen yang dibuktikan dengan kapang yang diiradiasi memiliki aktivitas kitinase spesifik lebih tinggi dibandingkan kapang yang tanpa perlakuan iradiasi gamma (Baptista et al, 2015).…”

Karakterisasi enzim kitinase dan identifikasi isolat aktinomisetes KRC 21.D berasal dari Kebun Raya Cibodas

“…Dua dekade terakhir kitin merupakan komponen utama dinding sel jamur dapat didegradasi enzim kitinase menghasilkan produk yang ramah lingkungan dibandingkan penggunaan zat kimia sebagai anti jamur (Gurung et al 2013). Keberadaan kitin di alam sangat melimpah dan dengan cepat terdegradasi karena adanya beberapa mikroba yang mempunyai enzim kitinase yang mampu mendegradasi kitin (Herdyastuti et al 2009).…”