Chitinase isozymes induced by TYMV and Leptosphaeria maculans during compatible and incompatible interaction with Brassica napus

Abstract

Accumulation of extracellular chitinases in Brassica napus plants infected with Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) and fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans was studied in both compatible and incompatible interaction. Analysis of apoplast fluid by means of non-denaturing anodic and cathodic PAGE followed by in-gel detection of chitinase activity revealed a number of chitinase isozymes. TYMV induced 8 acidic and 4 basic isozymes in a systemic way. Except for one acidic and one basic isozyme, all other chitinases were also constitutively present in low amounts in mock inoculated control. In TYMV systemically infected plants, chitinases were detected in leaves expressing symptoms as well as in symptomless ones. Both virulent and avirulent L. maculans isolates induced production of chitinase isozymes in cotyledons in a time dependent manner. Some of them were present in plants constitutively and their content increased after inoculation. Three of five acidic and two of three basic isozymes responded to L. maculans infection. Chitinases started to accumulate before symptom appearance. First two acidic isozymes were detected 24 h after inoculation. The difference between compatible and incompatibe interaction reflected two basic isozymes.Additional key words: oilseed rape, plant defence, PR-proteins, Turnip yellow mosaic virus.

Dark and light green tissues of tobacco leaves systemically infected with tobacco mosaic virus

“…In total, the samples from LGT contained slightly less protein in the PR-bands than the samples from DGI and from healthy plants (Table 2). In contrast, the small accumulation of PR-proteins in sensitive plants infected with viruses was reported earlier (Van Loon and Van Kammen 1979, Fraser 1982, Profotova et al 2007. The increase in the total content of PR-proteins in infected thorn-apple plants was observed during two weeks after infection but after three weeks post inoculation the differences were negligible (Sapotsky et al 2005).…”

Transcriptional Insight Into Brassica napus Resistance Genes LepR3 and Rlm2-Mediated Defense Response Against the Leptosphaeria maculans Infection

“…Detection of tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1 and cytosolic sulfotransferase that facilitate the biosynthesis of glucosinolate and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) that are key for the homeostasis maintenance of plant secondary metabolites further suggests that LepR3 and Rlm2 regulate the deployment of chemical protection during the incompatible interaction (Figure 5). Identification of chitinases shown to target at L. maculans at the apoplastic space of pre-symptom stage cotyledons in previous studies during the incompatible interaction (Legrand et al, 1987; Profotová et al, 2007) and kunitz trypsin inhibitors that degrade the peptidases secreted by L. maculans during the early infection stage (Sonah et al, 2016) implicates the direct deployment of enzymatic force by LepR3 and Rlm2 to fend off L. maculans during in planta invasion (Figure 5).…”

Leaf morphology and anatomy of transgenic cucumber lines tolerant to downy mildew

“…Previously, the expression of PR protein related genes in response to inoculation with the host pathogen was reported for grapevine, indica rice and Brassica napus (Kortekamp 2006, Nandakumar et al 2007, Profotová et al 2007.…”