Chitosan microcapsules: Methods of the production and use in the textile finishing

Abstract

Biopolymeric chitosan is considered a promising encapsulating agent for textile applications due to its biocompatibility, lack of toxicity, antibacterial activity, high availability, and low cost. After cellulose, it is nature's most important organic compound. Also, chitosan has unique chemical properties due to its cationic charge in solution. Microencapsulation technologies play an important role in protecting the trapped material and in the durability of the effect, controlling the release rate. The application of chitosan microcapsules in textiles follows the current interest of industries in functionalization technologies that give different properties to products, such as aroma finish, insect repellency, antimicrobial activity, and thermal comfort. In this sense, methods of coacervation, ionic gelation, and LBL are presented for the production of chitosan-based microcapsules and methods of textile finishing that incorporate them are presented, bath exhaustion, filling, dry drying cure, spraying, immersion, and grafting chemical. Finally, current trends in the textile market are identified and guidance on future developments.

Preparation of cationic cotton through reaction with different polyelectrolytes

“…The importance of bactericidal and antiviral properties of textile materials reached a new level after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The functionalization of the fabrics with antimicrobial activity is expected to be an essential practice soon (Valle et al 2021 ). Therefore, an estimative of the bactericidal efficacy was evaluated according to Fig.…”

Microencapsulation for Functional Textile Coatings with Emphasis on Biodegradability—A Systematic Review

“…Microcapsule size, morphology, shell and core materials, release mechanisms, compatibility with other components of the formulation, application technologies to textiles, environmental impact and biodegradability can be imaginatively defined and thoughtfully planned. Various authors of reviews in the field of microencapsulation have classified microencapsulation methods in different ways [81,[90][91][92][93][94][95]. However, not all methods are applicable specifically to textile applications, and microcapsules have most commonly been produced using one of the methods shown in Figure 5, with examples analysed and specified in Sections 5.1-5.3.…”

“…Coatings 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 6 of 30 be imaginatively defined and thoughtfully planned. Various authors of reviews in the field of microencapsulation have classified microencapsulation methods in different ways [81,[90][91][92][93][94][95]. However, not all methods are applicable specifically to textile applications, and microcapsules have most commonly been produced using one of the methods shown in Figure 5, with examples analysed and specified in sections 5.1-5.3.…”

Stable Cellulose Nanofibril Microcapsules from Pickering Emulsion Templates

“… 7 , 8 However, the production of polysaccharide-based microcapsules is not a straightforward process. Many reported methods employ complex preparation methods, such as multiple deposition steps, cross-linking of biopolymers, 9 , 10 or decomposition of template cores after coating biopolymers. 11 , 12 Furthermore, most of the microcapsule production techniques reported in the literature are of low feasibility for scale-up industrial production.…”