Chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in gonads of marine fish and effects on reproduction

Westernhagen, Hein von; Dethlefsen, Volkert; Cameron, P.; Janssen, Dieter

doi:10.1080/00364827.1987.10419751

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Exposure to organic chemicals has been correlated with severe mortality in several bird species (Koeman et al 1973) and with a reduction of reproductive performance in mammals (Reijnders 1986), birds (O'Shea et al 1980) and several fish species (Von Westernhagen et al 1981, 1987, Spies et al 1988. Female or male juvenile alligators from a contaminated lake in Florida exhibited abnormal gonad development and abnormal sex hormone concentrations compared with alligators from a control lake (Guillette et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures

Petit¹,

Goff²,

Cravedi³

et al. 1997

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

173

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A relation between the chemical structure of a xenobiotic and its steroidal action has not yet been clearly established. Thus, it is not possible to define the estrogenic potency of different xenobiotics. An assessment may be accomplished by the use of different bioassays. We have previously developed a yeast system highly and stably expressing rainbow trout estrogen receptor (rtER) in order to analyze the biological activity of the receptor. The recombinant yeast system appears to be a reliable, rapid and sensitive bioassay for the screening and determination of the direct interaction between ER and estrogenic compounds. This system was used in parallel with a more elaborate biological system, trout hepatocyte aggregate cultures, to examine the estrogenic potency of a wide spectrum of chemicals commonly found in the environment. In hepatocyte cultures, the vitellogenin gene whose expression is principally dependent upon estradiol was used as a biomarker. Moreover, competitive binding assays were performed to determine direct interaction between rtER and xenobiotics. In our study, 50%of the 49 chemical compounds tested exhibited estrogenic activity in the two bioassays: the herbicide diclofop-methyl; the fungicides biphenyl, dodemorph, and triadimefon; the insecticides lindane, methyl parathion, chlordecone, dieldrin, and endosulfan; polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures; the plasticizers or detergents alkylphenols and phthalates; and phytoestrogens. To investigate further biphenyl estrogenic activity, its principal metabolites were also tested in both bioassays. Among these estrogenic compounds, 70% were able to activate rtER in yeast and hepatocytes with variable induction levels according to the system. Nevertheless, 30% of these estrogenic compounds exhibited estrogenic activity in only one of the bioassays, suggesting the implication of metabolites or different pathways in the activation of gene transcription. This paper shows that it is important to combine in vivo bioassays with in vitro approaches to elucidate the mechanism of xenoestrogen actions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures

Petit¹,

Goff²,

Cravedi³

et al. 1997

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

173

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show abstract

“…5) suggests that aside from these an additional array of substances may be responsible for the impairment of reproduction. Among others, phthalic esters as found in high concentrations in surface microlayer (Westernhagen et al, 1987) or polyaromatic hydrocarbons, as suggested by Spies & Rice (1988), but which were not determined by us, may have been responsible for the unusually low viable hatch in the whiting incubation experiments. Further detailed chemical analyses will be required if all substances potentially responsible for reproductive impairment are to be discovered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In order to minimize bias originating from this constellation a surplus of eggs was stripped from which, after mixing and fertilization, only a fraction was used for the incubation experiment. Males contribute htfle to the variabihty in fertilization success, provided they have motile sperm, as shown for flounders (Westernhagen et al, 1987;Spies & Rice, 1988).…”

Section: Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in North Sea whiting (Merlangius merlangus L.), and effects on reproduction. I. Tissue burden and hatching success

Westernhagen

Cameron²,

Dethlefsen³

et al. 1989

Helgolander Meeresunters

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Artificially inseminated eggs of feral North Sea whiting (Merlangius merlangus) were incubated in the laboratory in order to determine reproductive success. After incubation, two measures for reproductive success, total hatch and viable hatch, were determined and correlated with chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the respective ovaries. From their specific toxicities and the sum of all determined chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants, a contamination factor (CF) was calculated. Significant negative correlations were found between total hatch and DDT, including its metabolites (ZDDT), dieldrin and the CF. ZDDT and the CF were also negatively correlated with viable hatch. A threshold value of ovary contamination above which impairment of reproductive success was likely to occur was set at > 200 ~tg kg -~ wet wt. for ZPCB, > 20 ~tg kg -1 wet wt. for ZDDT and > 10 ~g kg -1 wet wt. for dieldrin.

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“…Tissue concentrations of pesticides in wild, captured fish have been reported by several workers (Letherland and Sonstegard 1982;Von Westernhagen et al 1987;Hellou et al 1993;Kannan et al 1995;Sharma et al 1995;Singh et al 1997). Several reports are available on pesticide residue analyses in various fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Bioaccumulation of hexachlorocyclohexane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and estradiol-17β in catfish and carp during the pre-monsoon season in India

Singh

2007

Fish Physiol Biochem

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This investigation was performed to monitor hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT, and its metabolites, refered to as DDTs), plasma levels of estradiol-17beta (E2), and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) between sampling sites of unpolluted ponds of Gujartal, Jaunpur (control site) and the polluted rivers Gomti (Jaunpur) and Ganga (Varanasi), which affect the reproductive physiology of some edible catfish and carp during the pre-monsoon season. HCHs and DDTs were measured by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and hormones by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results indicated that the level of HCHs and DDTs was very high in both the catfish and the carp captured from the polluted rivers compared with the fish captured from the control site. The GSI and E2 values were lower in both groups of fish when compared to the fish from the control site. The results also indicate that catfish showed greater bioaccumulation of HCHs and DDTs than carp, above the permissible limit, as compared to the fish from the control site. In conclusion, fish from the Gomti and Ganga rivers were highly polluted when compared with fish from the control site, as was evident from high levels of tissue bioaccumulation of HCHs and DDTs and decreased levels of plasma E2, inhibiting the reproductive physiology of these species at the receptor level. The levels exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRL) as recommended by Codex, hence it is suggested that the fish should be avoided for food purposes.

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Chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in gonads of marine fish and effects on reproduction

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures

Two complementary bioassays for screening the estrogenic potency of xenobiotics: recombinant yeast for trout estrogen receptor and trout hepatocyte cultures

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in North Sea whiting (Merlangius merlangus L.), and effects on reproduction. I. Tissue burden and hatching success

Bioaccumulation of hexachlorocyclohexane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and estradiol-17β in catfish and carp during the pre-monsoon season in India

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