Choroidal thickness in patients with cardiovascular disease: A review

Yeung, Shanna C.; You, Yuyi; Howe, Kathryn L.; Yan, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.12.007

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…It is therefore conceivable that the choroid may be exposed, and damaged by increased flow pulsatility like the brain and the kidney. The results of our study, showing that choroidal thickness is reduced in hypertensive patients with increased indices of pulsatile hemodynamics, seem to support this hypothesis and are in agreement with a mounting evidence suggesting that choroidal thickness changes may be a non‐invasive biomarker of CV damage 2–4,31 . Indeed, we found a close inverse association of the thickness of various regions of the choroid, as well as of its overall thickness, with increased aortic augmentation index and with elevated clinic and 24‐h peripheral PP and above all with central PP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Relationship of choroidal thickness with pulsatile hemodynamics in essential hypertensive patients

Mulè

Vadalà

Sinatra

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Traditionally, the retina has been considered as the easiest accessible window to study the state of the systemic microcirculation, 1 even if the choroid is the most important vascular layer of the eye, which thinning may be due to microvascular damage, reflecting the local expression of a more generalized vascular injury. [2][3][4] Recent studies have associated changes in the thickness of the choroid with

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…MULÈ et aL. cardiovascular 2,3 and renal diseases. [4][5][6] Controversy exists about the association of CTh with blood pressure (BP) values.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of choroidal thickness with pulsatile hemodynamics in essential hypertensive patients

Mulè

Vadalà

Sinatra

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Hypertension

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“…Being the largest source of blood supply to the posterior segment of the eye, the choroidal vasculature is also responsible for the transport of metabolic waste from the RPE, contributing to the normal retinal function. The choroid also acts as a thermal regulator for the outer retina via heat dissipation [26,27]. The choroidal circulation supplies the inner retina, in species where the retinal vessels are absent (guinea pig) or sparse (rabbit) [27].…”

Section: Development and Structure Of Retinal And Choroidal Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alterations in choroidal structure or impaired blood flow result in degenerative changes and neovascularization, such as choroidal coloboma and AMD [31,32]. The thickness of the choroid can be used to assess abnormalities in choroidal vasculature, and it has been proposed as a biomarker for cardiovascular diseases [26]. There is an increasing interest in the development of quantitative methods to assess choroidal structural characteristics and their associations with ocular diseases (see Section 4).…”

Section: Development and Structure Of Retinal And Choroidal Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia Contribution to the Regulation of the Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Alves

Fernandes

Santiago

et al. 2020

Cells

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The retina is a highly metabolically active tissue with high-level consumption of nutrients and oxygen. This high metabolic demand requires a properly developed and maintained vascular system. The retina is nourished by two systems: the central retinal artery that supplies the inner retina and the choriocapillaris that supplies the outer retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Pathological neovascularization, characterized by endothelial cell proliferation and new vessel formation, is a common hallmark in several retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A limited number of studies have suggested that microglia, the resident immune cells of the retina, have an important role not only in the pathology but also in the formation and physiology of the retinal vascular system. Here, we review the current knowledge on microglial interaction with the retinal vascular system under physiological and pathological conditions. To do so, we first highlight the role of microglial cells in the formation and maintenance of the retinal vasculature system. Thereafter, we discuss the molecular signaling mechanisms through which microglial cells contribute to the alterations in retinal and choroidal vasculatures and to the neovascularization in AMD.

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“…Choroidal thickness is affected by several systemic diseases and conditions, as well as by several choroidopathies that have an effect on plasma pressures. 5,6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of religious fasting and dehydration at Ramadan on choroidal thickness and Retinal vessel densities, measured with optical coherence tomography angiography

Gökmen

Ozgur

2020

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To investigate the effect of religious fasting and dehydration at Ramadan on choroidal thickness and vessel density in the superficial and deep vascular plexuses with OCTA. Methods: The choroidal thickness, and superficial and deep vessel density indices of fasting healthy subjects were measured with an OCTA device, and compared with non-fasting measurements. Results: The study included 70 eyes of 35 healthy subjects with a mean age of 42.86 ± 8.3 years. The measured choroidal thickness, superficial vessel density index and deep vessel density index were 288.89 ± 67 µm, 40.56% and 41.43%, respectively when measured in the fasting period, compared to 284.62 ± 65 µm, 40.41% and 41.41%, respectively when measured in the non-fasting period. The choroidal thickness under the fovea center was found to be significantly higher in the fasting period than in the non-fasting period ( p = 0.014). The mean total choroidal thickness was found to be reduced in the non-fasting period, although not to a statistically significant degree ( p > 0.05). An analysis of the mean total superficial and deep vascular plexuses revealed no statistically significant difference ( p = 0.368, p = 0.938 respectively). Conclusion: Although a significant increase was noted in central choroidal thickness in the fasting period, no significant change due to fasting was observed in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses. The choroidal layer may vary in thickness due to fasting-related metabolic factors, while retinal vessels are more stable against such effects.

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Choroidal thickness in patients with cardiovascular disease: A review

Cited by 50 publications

References 57 publications

Relationship of choroidal thickness with pulsatile hemodynamics in essential hypertensive patients

Relationship of choroidal thickness with pulsatile hemodynamics in essential hypertensive patients

Microglia Contribution to the Regulation of the Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

The effect of religious fasting and dehydration at Ramadan on choroidal thickness and Retinal vessel densities, measured with optical coherence tomography angiography

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