Chronic renal failure in young dogs–possible renal dysplasia

Abstract

The clinico‐pathological findings are described in thirteen young dogs with advanced renal disease. All but three dogs were less than 2 years old. Some had signs of renal dysfunction since birth. Presenting signs were variable but anorexia, lethargy and weight loss were most frequent. All dogs had raised blood urea levels and most passed dilute urine; proteinuria and anaemia were variable findings. At necropsy all dogs had extra‐renal lesions of renal failure and finely granular or lobulated, shrunken kidneys. The microscopical appearances of the kidneys were not those of amyloidosis, inflammatory or glomerular disease but were considered likely to be of developmental origin. The renal lesions were divided into three histologically distinct groups. Predominantly cystic and connective tissue changes, characterized by striking dilatation of glomerular capsular spaces and cortical tubules. Atypical connective tissue changes in which there were segmental bands of fibrous tissue containing primitive glomerular and tubular structures. Predominantly glomerular and connective tissue changes, characterized by varying degrees of glomerulosclerosis and widespread calcification of glomeruli, tubules and blood vessels. All groups had cortical and medullary interstitial fibrosis but minimal inflammatory cell infiltrates.

End-Stage Kidney Disease Probably due toReflux Nephropathy with Segmental Hypoplasia (Ask-Upmark Kidney)in Young Boxer Dogs in Norway. A Retrospective Study

“…There have been relatively few reports from the Boxer breed, but most of these have concluded that renal dysplasia is also a cause of the juvenile nephropathies observed in this breed. 5,7,10 We report here our results from a retrospective study of renal lesions observed in young Boxer dogs with endstage renal disease in Norway.…”

Pathology of Renal Dysplasia and Bladder Aplasia-Hypoplasia in a Flock of Sheep

“…The presence of poorly differentiated tubules and the absence of loops of Henle, peripolar cells, and juxtaglomerular complexes are prima facie evidence of renal dysplasia. Reported features of renal dysplasia in humans 2 and dogs, 16,22,23 such as immature glomeruli, undifferentiated mesenchyme, persistent metanephric ducts, osseous metaplasia, and cartilaginous nodules, were absent. Marked enlargement of renal tubules in kidneys from some lambs may have represented attempted compensation.…”

Juvenile Nephropathy in a Boxer Dog Resembling the Human Nephronophthisis-Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease Complex

“…tion only at later stages of the disease. Renal dysplasia has been reported in Boxer dogs [12,21] and cyst formation is possible as a result of intra-renal obstruction due to interstitial fibrosis. This diagnosis was excluded by the absence of the typical morphologic features, i.e.…”

“…Small renal cysts (1 mm diameter) in the renal cortex are described [35] as a secondary degenerative change into interstitial fibrosis [5]. JN has been described in many different pure canine breeds [35,39], boxer dogs, in particular, have been reported as being affected by either renal dysplasia [12] or JN [5,15,21,35]. Renal dysplasia may be defined as a disorganized development of the renal parenchyma that is caused by the defective interaction of the ureteric bud and the metanephric blastema [36].…”

“…The onset of chronic renal failure in juvenile, adolescent or young adult Boxer dogs could have a pathological background in both renal dysplasia [12,21] and JN [5,15,35] with some peculiar patterns of expression. Further investigation is required to verify whether NPHP might represent another potential cause.…”