Chryseobacterium gleum Isolation from Respiratory Culture Following Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

Objective: Rare disease Background: Chryseobacterium gleum (C. gleum) is a rare but concerning device-associated infection that can cause urinary tract infections and pneumonia. It produces a biofilm and has intrinsic resistance to a wide array of broadspectrum agents. Risk factors include neonate or immunocompromised states, intensive care unit admission for more than 21 days, broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, indwelling devices, and mechanical ventilation. Case Report: A 61-year-old cachectic man presented in the United States with community-acquired pneumonia and immediately decompensated, requiring ventilator support. Despite starting broad-spectrum antibiotics, the patient developed fever, leukocytosis, and additional desaturation episodes. The patient's respiratory culture grew numerous C. gleum and few Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia. He also had a positive urine streptococcal pneumonia antigen. Broad-spectrum agents were discontinued after prolonged treatment due to a continued worsening clinical picture, and the patient was started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to cover C. gleum. The patient showed rapid clinical improvement on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with resolution of symptoms on post-discharge follow-up. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a documented case of a patient with C. gleum respiratory infection successfully treated solely with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The expedient identification of C. gleum is essential for proper treatment. The literature has consistently shown isolated respiratory C. gleum strains to be largely susceptible to fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Chryseobacterium gleum Causing Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia in an Adult Male With Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

“…Bellasis et al found that these bacteria are resistant to beta-lactams as they can chromosomally encode class A beta-lactamases (CGA-1) [ 11 ]. In our case, the bacteria were susceptible to most groups of antibiotics including cephalosporins as opposed to the other two reported cases from Unites States [ 12 , 13 ]. Historically, the choice of antibiotics is not well established because of the insufficient data on minimum inhibitory concentration and no Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CSLI) or EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) guidelines.…”

Dynamic Interaction Between Mucosal Immunity and Microbiota Drives Nose and Pharynx Homeostasis of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) After SVCV Infection

“…At the genus level, the top 20 bacteria in the nose and pharynx were clustered in the control group and the 28 dpi group, and were separated from the 4 dpi group. Moreover, an increased abundance of Chryseobacterium , Acinetobacter , and Streptococcus was observed in the nose and pharynx, all of which have been associated with human upper respiratory tract infections ( 50 – 52 ). Our findings suggest that SVCV infection disrupts microbial homeostasis on mucosal surfaces and affects partial bacterial colonization.…”

Identification of lipase producing bacteria from palm oil sewage sludge processing plant at Malimping, Banten, Indonesia

“…(Lim et al 2020). Specifically, C. gleum association causes urinary tract infections and pneumonia (Tsouvalas et al 2020).…”

“…The Chryseobacterium species is rarely associated with humans as hosts, except the two closed species of Chryseobacterium, namely, C. gleum and C. indologenes (Lim et al 2020). C. gleum is mainly associated with urinary bladder and pneumoniae (Tsouvalas et al 2020). Based on this characteristic, the A isolate as Chryseobacterium gleum is not potential isolate for industrial application, therefore biochemical identification was not performed to confirm its identification.…”