“…ATP-induced activation of P2X receptors in the hypothalamus regulates both hormone secretion and body temperature while adenosine is associated with sleep need (Porkka-Heiskanen et al, 1997; Blanco-Centurion et al, 2006). Adenosine content in basal ganglia shows daily variations that were proposed to be related to changes in sleep-wake cycles during aging while A1 receptors and 5′-ectonucleotidase activity are rhythmic in cortex presumably playing a role in sleep (Virus et al, 1984; Florio et al, 1991; Rosati et al, 1993; Mackiewicz et al, 2003; Murillo-Rodriguez et al, 2004). Sleep deprivation can shift circadian rhythms (Antle and Mistlberger, 2000; Antle et al, 2001), possibly through adenosine that accumulates with sleep need, a mechanism supported by the findings that light induced phase shifts can be blocked by both, A1 agonists and IP3 blockers (Watanabe et al, 1996; Marpegan et al, 2005; Leone et al, 2006; Krueger, 2008).…”