Circulating human leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 mRNA and protein levels to detect acute appendicitis in patients with acute abdominal pain

Rainer, Timothy; Leung, Ling; Chan, Chin Pok; Leung, Yuk-ki; Cheng, Nga-man; Lai, Paul Bs; Cheung, Yu‐San; Graham, Colin A.

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.02.010

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…No difference was found between plasma levels of patients with and without appendicitis, using the present commercial kit. Our results are different from those reported by Rainer et al 15 . Although we also found that median levels were lower in patients with acute appendicitis, we were not able to find a significant difference between these values ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, in 2017, using an adult population (> 18 years-old) and a commercial ELISA kit for LRG1, Rainer et al found a significant difference in plasma median levels of LRG1 between patients with and without appendicitis. However, after using logistic regression analysis, plasma levels of LRG1 were not significant to discriminate acute appendicitis 15 . Likewise, Dermici et al reported that plasma levels of LRG1 were not useful to differentiate between acute appendicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease in women with acute abdominal pain in right lower-quadrant 16 .…”

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confidence: 84%

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Comparison of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) plasma levels between patients with and without appendicitis, a case–controlled study

Lontra

Savaris

Cavazzola

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Acute appendicitis (AA) is the first cause of emergency surgery. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been shown to be a potential biomarker in cases of AA in children, but there are conflicting results for its use in adults. The objective of this study is to compare the median plasma values of LRG1 in patients with acute abdomen with and without appendicitis. This case–control study was conducted prospectively at the emergency room (ER) of a tertiary teaching hospital, between March 1st, 2011 and December 31st, 2012. Patients with recent abdominal pain, aged 18–70 years who attended at the ER were included in the study. Blood samples were drawn at the first presentation. Those who were submitted to surgery and had a pathology report of AA were considered as cases. Those without a need for surgery and treated for other conditions, e.g., pelvic inflammatory disease, were considered as controls. Follow-up in controls was made up to 30 days. LRG1 plasma median values were measured using an ELISA kit and compared between groups. A total of 28 participants, 14 cases with acute appendicitis and 14 controls, were included. The median (range) values of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 level in the group with appendicitis and control group were 8.8 ng/ml (5.5–31) and 11 (4.6–108) ng/ml, respectively (Mann–Whitney test P = 0.26). Median plasma leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 levels were not useful in diagnosing Acute Appendicitis in patients with acute abdominal pain.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 84%

Comparison of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) plasma levels between patients with and without appendicitis, a case–controlled study

Lontra

Savaris

Cavazzola

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…We originally identified LRG as an inflammatory biomarker for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 9 . Subsequent studies from our group and others have shown that LRG is increased in various immune-related diseases such as adult-onset Still's disease 19 , psoriasis 20 , juvenile idiopathic arthritis 21 , Kawasaki disease 22 , appendicitis 23 and cancers 24,25 , indicating that LRG elevation is not limited to autoimmune diseases. In addition, LRG may serve as a biomarker for several other disease conditions such as heart failure 26 , diabetes-related complications [27][28][29] and obesity 30 , which are not typical inflammatory www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ diseases but may involve immunopathogenic mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein is a new marker for active disease of tuberculosis

Fujimoto

Matsumoto

Serada

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a global health problem. At present, prior exposure to Mtb can be determined by blood-based interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), but active TB is not always detectable by blood tests such as CRP and ESR. This study was undertaken to investigate whether leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG), a new inflammatory biomarker, could be used to assess active disease of TB. Cynomolgus macaques pretreated with or without Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination were inoculated with Mtb to induce active TB. Blood was collected over time from these animals and levels of LRG as well as CRP and ESR were quantified. In the macaques without BCG vaccination, Mtb inoculation caused extensive TB and significantly increased plasma CRP and LRG levels, but not ESR. In the macaques with BCG vaccination, whereas Mtb challenge caused pulmonary TB, only LRG levels were significantly elevated. By immunohistochemical analysis of the lung, LRG was visualized in epithelioid cells and giant cells of the granulation tissue. In humans, serum LRG levels in TB patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls and declined one month after anti-tubercular therapy. These findings suggest that LRG is a promising biomarker when performed following IGRA for the detection of active TB. Tuberculosis (TB) is a symptomatic disease caused by replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). According to the WHO global tuberculosis report 2018 (https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/), about 23% of the world's population is estimated to be latently infected with Mtb, Of these, up to 10% of humans develop active disease after Mtb infection 1 , which makes TB a major global health problem with the estimation of 10.4 million new cases and 1.7 million deaths in 2016 2. Importantly, 40% of estimated TB cases remain to be undiagnosed 2. Rapid detection of active TB is critical to reduce TB-related death. Recently-introduced interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) has better specificity than tuberculin skin test (TST) in TB screening and now become the standard for the identification of Mtb sensitization 1. Nevertheless, IGRA does not differentiate between active TB and resolved/latent infection 3. At present, sputum smear or culture of Mtb is still a gold standard for diagnosis of active TB. In addition, sputum culture is also a major biomarker for the evaluation of treatment 1,4,5. However, sputum test is assessable only when sputa of good quality were obtained from patients. Accordingly, sputum test is unavailable for infants with TB and patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In addition, sputum test is not always available in resource-poor settings. Moreover, the sputum culture is not suitable for rapid decision making during therapy of outpatients, given that it requires long time before obtaining results 1. To detect Mtb in sputa in a rapid turnaround time, molecular diagnostics such as the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay may be applicable 5. Nevertheless, this assay is ex...

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“…Its primary function is to provide a versatile structural framework for protein interaction. LRG1 is a member of the LRR family, and has been reported to be involved in immune response, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell apoptosis, and neovascularization [2, 3]. LRG1 is overexpressed in several types of carcinomas, including pancreatic, bladder, ovarian, and biliary tract cancer [4-7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of LRG1 in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study

et al. 2020

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Background: High expression of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is closely related to angiogenesis, which may play an important role in promoting invasion and metastasis. However, the current literature has yet to clarify the clinical significance of LRG1 in breast cancer. Objectives: The purpose of this work was to validate the correlation between LRG1 expression and prognosis in early breast cancer. Methods: We utilized an LRG1 detection agent in 330 cases of early breast cancer. The correlation of LRG1 expression with clinicopathological features, patient recurrence, and survival was investigated. Results: Compared with adjacent tissue samples, an elevated expression of LRG1 was observed in breast cancer samples. Moreover, LRG1 expression is associated with the number of lymphatic metastases and TNM pathological stage (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). For disease-free survival (DFS), the Kaplan-Meier curve indicated a poorer prognosis for the group with high LRG1 levels compared with the low LRG1 group (p = 0.000). A similar result was found for overall survival (OS; p = 0.000). The multivariate Cox regression indicated that LRG1 was still associated with DFS (HR 2.090, 95% CI 1.205–3.625, p = 0.009) and OS (HR 2.112, 95% CI 1.167–3.822, p = 0.013). The histological grade, TNM pathological stage, and molecular subtype were identified as independent risk factors affecting OS. Conclusion: In the malignant progression of breast cancer, high LRG1 levels are associated with lymphatic metastasis, histological grade, poor DFS, and poor OS. This study validates the use of LRG1 as a potential prognosis biomarker for early breast cancer.

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Circulating human leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 mRNA and protein levels to detect acute appendicitis in patients with acute abdominal pain

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Comparison of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) plasma levels between patients with and without appendicitis, a case–controlled study

Comparison of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) plasma levels between patients with and without appendicitis, a case–controlled study

Leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein is a new marker for active disease of tuberculosis

Prognostic Value of LRG1 in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study

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