Circulating Virus, Interferon and Antibody after Vaccination with the 17-D Strain of Yellow-Fever Virus

Ef, Wheelock; Wa, Sibley

doi:10.1056/nejm196507222730404

Cited by 116 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Low levels, period of occurrence and duration of viremia observed in this study were in accordance with previous findings in the literature. 19,21,25 Systemic events coincided with the period of viremia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactogenicity of yellow fever vaccines in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the reactogenicity of three yellow fever (YF) vaccines from WHO-17D and Brazilian 17DD substrains (different seed-lots) and placebo. METHODS: The study involved 1,087 adults eligible for YF vaccine in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Vaccines produced by Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) were administered ("day 0") following standardized procedures adapted to allow blinding and blocked randomization of participants to coded vaccine types. Adverse events after immunization were ascertained in an interview and in diary forms filled in by each participant. Liver enzymes were measured on days 0, 4-20 and 30 of the study. Viremia levels were measured on days 4 to 20 of follow-up. The immune response was verified through serologic tests. RESULTS: Participants were mostly young males. The seroconversion rate was above 98% among those seronegative before immunization. Compared to placebo, the excess risk of any local adverse events ranged from 0.9% to 2.5%, whereas for any systemic adverse events it ranged from 3.5% to 7.4% across vaccine groups. The excess risk of events leading to search for medical care or to interruption of work activities ranged from 2% to 4.5%. Viremia was detected in 3%-6% of vaccinees up to 10 days after vaccination. Variations in liver enzyme levels after vaccination were similar in placebo and vaccine recipients. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of adverse events post-immunization against YF, accounting for the background occurrence of nonspecific signs and symptoms, was shown for the first time to be similar for vaccines from 17D and 17DD substrains. The data also provided evidence against viscerotropism of vaccine virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,21,25 Viremia is likely to be transitory and thus missed by a single blood collection. Revaccinated subjects did not develop detectable viremia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactogenicity of yellow fever vaccines in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2005

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“…As a seroconversion rate of above 90% is expected in adults immunized with a 17DD vaccine strain 21,26 . The vulnerability in the serologic response of this group, which includes 3 adults, might be explained by a failure to develop neutralizing antibodies because of simultaneous vaccination with other attenuated virus vaccines, which may have inhibited the replication of the other vaccinal virus due to the production of interferon [27][28][29] . Other factors that may influence the immune response to the vaccine against yellow fever include previous immunity against related antigens, crossed protection against flavivirus, immunosuppression due to diseases or drugs, severe undernutrition and pregnacy 30 , in addition to difficulties in the handling/preservation of the vaccine during administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic assessment of yellow fever immunity in the rural population of a yellow fever-endemic area in Central Brazil

Machado

Vasconcelos

Silva

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:The yellow fever epidemic that occurred in 1972/73 in Central Brazil surprised the majority of the population unprotected. A clinical-epidemiological survey conducted at that time in the rural area of 19 municipalities found that the highest (13.8%) number of disease cases were present in the municipality of Luziânia, State of Goiás. Methods: Thirty-eight years later, a new seroepidemiological survey was conducted with the aim of assessing the degree of immune protection of the rural population of Luziânia, following the continuous attempts of public health services to obtain vaccination coverage in the region. A total of 383 volunteers, aged between 5 and 89 years and with predominant rural labor activities (75.5%), were interviewed. The presence of antibodies against the yellow fever was also investigated in these individuals, by using plaque reduction neutralization test, and correlated to information regarding residency, occupation, epidemiological data and immunity against the yellow fever virus. Results: We found a high (97.6%) frequency of protective titers (>1:10) of neutralizing antibodies against the yellow fever virus; the frequency of titers of 1:640 or higher was 23.2%, indicating wide immune protection against the disease in the study population. The presence of protective immunity was correlated to increasing age. Conclusions: This study reinforces the importance of surveys to address the immune state of a population at risk for yellow fever infection and to the surveillance of actions to control the disease in endemic areas.

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“…At the three time points in the followup period blood was collected for haematological and biochemical determinations (red blood cells, hematocrit, haemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, urea, creatinin, glycemia, TGO, TGP, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, time of prothrombin, total and fractionate bilirubin), viremia 14 , and anti-yellow fever virus antibodies 12 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low frequency of side effects following an incidental 25 times concentrated dose of yellow fever vaccine

Rabello¹,

Orsini²,

Disch³

et al. 2002

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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In August/1999, a group of 14 adults from the staff of a private hospital in Contagem -- Minas Gerais State, Brazil, received unintentionally a 25 times concentrated dose of the 17-DD yellow fever vaccine (Bio-Manguinhos), due to a mistake at the reconstitution step. All patients were clinically and laboratorially evaluated at days 5, 13 and 35 post vaccination. Frequency of side effects and clinical observations of this group of individuals were not different from the observed in recipients immunized with normal doses of the vaccine. At the second and third evaluation none of the subjects reported symptoms. None of the patients presented abnormalities at the physical examination at none of the time points and in all cases the blood examination was normal, except for a reduced number of platelets that was detected in one subject at the first and second evaluation and reverted to normal at third evaluation. At the first evaluation point, 8 subjects were serum negative and 6 serum positive for yellow fever at the plaque reduction neutralization test. In 5 subjects the observed titre was 10 times higher as the baseline of 2.36 Log10 mUI/ml. The samples collected at second and third evaluation (13th and 35th days) demonstrated that all subjects responded to the vaccination with the exception of one that did not present a positive result in any of the samples collected. This evaluation confirms the safety of the 17-DD yellow fever vaccine.

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Circulating Virus, Interferon and Antibody after Vaccination with the 17-D Strain of Yellow-Fever Virus

Cited by 116 publications

References 11 publications

Reactogenicity of yellow fever vaccines in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Reactogenicity of yellow fever vaccines in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Serologic assessment of yellow fever immunity in the rural population of a yellow fever-endemic area in Central Brazil

Low frequency of side effects following an incidental 25 times concentrated dose of yellow fever vaccine

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