Circulation of Superfluid Suction Vortex

Kakimoto, Naoki; Obara, K.; Yano, Hideo; Ishikawa, Osamu

doi:10.1007/s10909-022-02684-1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is worth noting that larger circulation values around a draining vortex in He II are documented in the literature 41 . However, therein, the contributions of the vortex core and the solid-body rotation are not distinguished.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…State-of-the-art numerical models 38 account for the motion of vortex lines coupled to the superfluid and normal velocity fields, but fail to dynamically model the interface, which is a pivotal element in our system. Previous experimental efforts [39][40][41] confirmed that a draining vortex in He II carries macroscopic circulation but lacked spatial resolution required to investigate central confinement of rotational components. In this regard, cryogenic flow visualization 42 provides sufficient resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rotating curved spacetime signatures from a giant quantum vortex

Švančara,

Smaniotto,

Solidoro

et al. 2024

Nature

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Gravity simulators1 are laboratory systems in which small excitations such as sound2 or surface waves3,4 behave as fields propagating on a curved spacetime geometry. The analogy between gravity and fluids requires vanishing viscosity2–4, a feature naturally realized in superfluids such as liquid helium or cold atomic clouds5–8. Such systems have been successful in verifying key predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime7–11. In particular, quantum simulations of rotating curved spacetimes indicative of astrophysical black holes require the realization of an extensive vortex flow12 in superfluid systems. Here we demonstrate that, despite the inherent instability of multiply quantized vortices13,14, a stationary giant quantum vortex can be stabilized in superfluid 4He. Its compact core carries thousands of circulation quanta, prevailing over current limitations in other physical systems such as magnons5, atomic clouds6,7 and polaritons15,16. We introduce a minimally invasive way to characterize the vortex flow17,18 by exploiting the interaction of micrometre-scale waves on the superfluid interface with the background velocity field. Intricate wave–vortex interactions, including the detection of bound states and distinctive analogue black hole ringdown signatures, have been observed. These results open new avenues to explore quantum-to-classical vortex transitions and use superfluid helium as a finite-temperature quantum field theory simulator for rotating curved spacetimes19.

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Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotating curved spacetime signatures from a giant quantum vortex

Švančara,

Smaniotto,

Solidoro

et al. 2024

Nature

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show abstract

“…It is worth noting that larger circulation values around a draining vortex in He II are documented in literature [37]. However, therein the contributions of the vortex core and the solid body rotation are not distinguished.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…State-of-the-art numerical models [34] account for the motion of vortex lines coupled to the superfluid and normal velocity fields, but fail to dynamically model the interface, which is a pivotal element in our system. Previous experimental efforts [35][36][37] confirmed that a draining vortex in He II carries macroscopic circulation, but lacked spatial resolution required to investigate central confinement of rotational components. In this regard, cryogenic flow visualisation [38] provides sufficient resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Quantum-to-Classical Vortex Flow: Quantum Field Theory Dynamics in Rotating Curved Spacetimes

Weinfurtner,

Švansčara,

Smaniotto

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gravity simulators [1] are laboratory systems where small excitations like sound [2] or surface waves [3] behave as fields propagating on a curved spacetime geometry. The analogy between gravity and fluids requires vanishing viscosity [2, 3], a feature naturally realised in superfluids like liquid helium or cold atomic clouds [4-6]. Such systems have been successful in verifying key predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime [6-9]. In particular, quantum simulations of rotating curved spacetimes indicative of astrophysical black holes require the realisation of an extensive vortex flow [10] in superfluid systems. Despite the inherent instability of multiply quantised vortices [11, 12], here we demonstrate that a stationary giant quantum vortex can be stabilised in superfluid 4He. Its compact core carries thousands of circulation quanta, prevailing over current limitations in other physical systems such as magnons [4], cold gases [5, 6] and polaritons [13, 14]. We introduce a minimally invasive way to characterise the vortex flow [15, 16] by exploiting the interaction of micrometre-scale waves on the superfluid interface with the background velocity field. Intricate wave- vortex interactions, including the detection of bound states and distinctive analogue black hole ringdown signatures, have been observed. These results open new avenues to explore quantum-to-classical vortex transitions and utilise superfluid helium as a finite temperature quantum field theory simulator for rotating curved spacetimes [17].

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