Citrus reticulata Blanco (the common mandarin) fruit: An updated review of its bioactive, extraction types, food quality, therapeutic merits, and bio-waste valorization practices to maximize its economic value

Shorbagi, Mohamed; Fayek, Nesrin M.; Shao, Ping; Farag, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101699

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Most terpene compounds are enzymatically synthesized from acetyl-CoA by the MEP pathway and pyruvic acid provided by carbohydrate pools in the CRP plastids and cytoplasm ( Liang et al, 2020 , Liu et al, 2022 ). The C10 monoterpenoids that accumulate in the oil glands of citrus peels are the vital regulator of different periods and treatments of CRP flavor ( Shorbagi et al, 2022 ). Most of the esters (40 compounds) detected in the CRP samples, which could be responsible for the aromas of ripe fruits of citrus, apples, pineapple, and banana in samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel application of HS-GC-IMS for characteristic fingerprints and flavor compound variations in citrus reticulatae pericarpium during storage with different Aspergillus niger fermentation

et al. 2023

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel application of HS-GC-IMS for characteristic fingerprints and flavor compound variations in citrus reticulatae pericarpium during storage with different Aspergillus niger fermentation

et al. 2023

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“…Mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) are one of the most economically important citrus fruits in terms of tons produced and exported in the world [1]. A large number of mandarin varieties and hybrids are cultivated, which have very different agronomic, morphological, and biochemical properties [2]. Late-season mandarin varieties are characterized by a high economic value due to the small number of varieties that are harvested in the winter season and the high production of these varieties [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandarin Variety Significantly Affects the Metabolites Present in the Leaves

Maciá-Vázquez,

Núñez-Gómez,

Martínez-Nicolás

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Late-season varieties of mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) have a high economic value, so their study, characterization, and comparison among different commercial varieties is of great interest for agriculture. Detailed metabolomic analysis of mandarin leaves can provide valuable information on agronomic characteristics, vegetative development, and tree response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, an analysis of the main metabolites presents in the leaves of three late-season mandarin orange varieties (‘Afourer’, ‘Orri’ and ‘Tango’), cultivated under homogeneous conditions, was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and multivariate statistical analysis techniques. The results show that organic acids and sugars are the metabolites with the highest presence in mandarin leaves, especially malate and sucrose. Ten amino acids and other metabolites such as choline and trigonelline were also detected. Metabolites such as asparagine and isoleucine were widely implicated in the metabolic pathways of the detected compounds. The ‘Orri’ variety showed significantly more differences in metabolite concentrations compared to the other two varieties studied. Malate and sucrose were shown to be the metabolites with the greatest significant differences between the varieties compared. From an agronomic point of view, the ‘Orri’ variety differs from the other two varieties because it has concentrations of metabolites that provide good resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses and fruits of higher quality and sweetness.

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“…Of these, flavonoids and VOCs are generally considered to be the main bioactive and characteristic components of CRCP( Yu et al., 2018 ). Though numerous studies on CRCP mainly focused on the quantification and efficacy analyses of flavonoids ( Matsuo et al., 2019 ; Shorbagi et al., 2022 ), the estimation of its VOCs has received little attention. Plant odor is related to volatile components ( Feng et al., 2022 ; Lu et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the volatile organic compounds in Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ peel with different drying methods using E-nose, GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS

Wang

Ding

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionCitrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ peel (CRCP), which is named “Guangchenpi” in China, is a geographical indication product with unique flavor properties. CRCP has been used for centuries as a traditional genuine herb because of its excellent therapeutic effects. In addition, owing to its unique odor and high nutrition, it is widely used in various food preparations. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are regarded as an important quality marker for CRCP and are highly susceptible to effects in the drying process due to their thermal instability.MethodsIn the current study, the main VOCs in CRCP were processed using different drying methods, including sun-drying, hot air drying, and vacuum-freeze drying. The VOCs were identified by the electronic nose (E-nose), gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS).ResultsThe results showed that the CRCP dried by vacuum-freeze exhibited the highest VOCs contents and retained the richest compounds compared to those dried by other methods, which indicated that vacuum-freeze drying is the most suitable for CRCP production. Furthermore, the chemometrics analysis revealed that the primary differential metabolites of the samples generated using different drying methods were terpenes and esters.DiscussionOverall, our study would help better understand the VOCs present in CRCP with different drying methods. The outcomes of the current study would guide the drying and processing of CRCP, which is beneficial for large-scale storage and industrial production of CRCP.

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Citrus reticulata Blanco (the common mandarin) fruit: An updated review of its bioactive, extraction types, food quality, therapeutic merits, and bio-waste valorization practices to maximize its economic value

Cited by 34 publications

References 110 publications

Novel application of HS-GC-IMS for characteristic fingerprints and flavor compound variations in citrus reticulatae pericarpium during storage with different Aspergillus niger fermentation

Novel application of HS-GC-IMS for characteristic fingerprints and flavor compound variations in citrus reticulatae pericarpium during storage with different Aspergillus niger fermentation

Mandarin Variety Significantly Affects the Metabolites Present in the Leaves

Comparison of the volatile organic compounds in Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ peel with different drying methods using E-nose, GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS

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