Clarifying the Butler–Volmer equation and related approximations for calculating activation losses in solid oxide fuel cell models

Noren, Daniel Alan; Hoffman, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.174

Cited by 252 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This deviation from linearity of activation losses is analogous to that frequently observed at operating temperatures below 900˝C and has been highlighted and discussed on theoretical grounds [29]. Marked bending of I-V curves caused by non-linear activation losses has often been observed experimentally [30].…”

Section: Local Electrochemical Kineticssupporting

confidence: 53%

Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Steady-State Model of a Bundle and Validation through Single Tube Experimental Data

et al. 2015

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This work focuses on a steady-state model developed for an integrated planar solid oxide fuel cell (IP-SOFC) bundle. In this geometry, several single IP-SOFCs are deposited on a tube and electrically connected in series through interconnections. Then, several tubes are coupled to one another to form a full-sized bundle. A previously-developed and validated electrochemical model is the basis for the development of the tube model, taking into account in detail the presence of active cells, interconnections and dead areas. Mass and energy balance equations are written for the IP-SOFC tube, in the classical form adopted for chemical reactors. Based on the single tube model, a bundle model is developed. Model validation is presented based on single tube current-voltage (I-V) experimental data obtained in a wide range of experimental conditions, i.e., at different temperatures and for different H 2 /CO/CO 2 /CH 4 /H 2 O/N 2 mixtures as the fuel feedstock. The error of the simulation results versus I-V experimental data is less than 1% in most cases, and it grows to a value of 8% only in one case, which is discussed in detail. Finally, we report model predictions of the current density distribution and temperature distribution in a bundle, the latter being a key aspect in view of the mechanical integrity of the IP-SOFC structure.

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Section: Local Electrochemical Kineticssupporting

confidence: 53%

Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Steady-State Model of a Bundle and Validation through Single Tube Experimental Data

et al. 2015

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“…As a common assumption for fuel cells [19], the charge transfer coefficient α is considered equal to 0.5.…”

Section: Chemical Reaction Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, the continuity equation of the ionic charge inside the representative volume is obtained by coupling equations (9), (19), (25) and (27) and dividing by V:…”

Section: Equations For Mass and Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical considerations on the modelling of transport in a three-phase electrode and application to a proton conducting solid oxide electrolysis cell

Dumortier

Sánchez

Keddam

et al. 2012

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Theoretical considerations on the modelling of transport in a three-phase electrode and application to a proton conducting solid oxide electrolysis cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Elsevier, 2012, 37 (16) The paper presents a complete numerical model for the prediction of mass and charge transfer inside electrolysis cells and fuel cells working at high temperature and using cermets as electrodes. It also discusses some assumptions taken in fuel cells or electrolysis cells modelling.I think that the problems dealt in this paper are in perfect match with the topics covered by the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. Indeed many articles that were published in the journal served as a basis for this work.Meng Ni, from the University of Hong Kong, M.M Hussain, from the University of Waterloo and Anchasa Pramuanjaroenkija, from the University of Miami, would represent in my view relevant reviewers for this paper. As specialists in fuel cells and electrolysis cells modelling, they can rigorously evaluate the scientific content of this paper. Moreover, several assumptions they use for their models are discussed in the paper.I am fully available from the first of January to deal with the reports of the reviewers.I will be pleased to supply any further information should it be required.Yours sincerely, Mikael DumortierCover LetterDemonstration of continuity equations for mass and charge inside a cermet electrode *Manuscript Click here to view linked References Abstract

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“…in its simplest form (the high-field approximation 10,28 ), relates the current density i and the total double-layer overpotentials η. i 0 is the exchange-current density flowing back and forth across the interface when the cell is in equilibrium, and is proportional to the charge-transfer reaction rate. The applied potential difference V cell is distributed across the three overpotentials of the cell:…”

Section: Electrochemical Reactions In a Driven Soecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring individual overpotentials in an operating solid-oxide electrochemical cell

Gabaly

Graß

McDaniel

et al. 2010

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We use photo-electrons as a non-contact probe to measure local electrical potentials in a solid-oxide electrochemical cell. We characterize the cell in operando at near-ambient pressure using spatially-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The overpotentials at the interfaces between the Ni and Pt electrodes and the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte are directly measured. The method is validated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Using the overpotentials, which characterize the cell's inefficiencies, we compare without ambiguity the electro-catalytic efficiencies of Ni and Pt, finding that on Ni H 2 O splitting proceeds more rapidly than H 2 oxidation ,while on Pt, H 2 oxidation proceeds more rapidly than H 2 O splitting.

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Clarifying the Butler–Volmer equation and related approximations for calculating activation losses in solid oxide fuel cell models

Cited by 252 publications

References 12 publications

Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Steady-State Model of a Bundle and Validation through Single Tube Experimental Data

Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Steady-State Model of a Bundle and Validation through Single Tube Experimental Data

Theoretical considerations on the modelling of transport in a three-phase electrode and application to a proton conducting solid oxide electrolysis cell

Measuring individual overpotentials in an operating solid-oxide electrochemical cell

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