Cleaning the Air We Breathe – Controlling Diesel Particulate Emissions from Passenger Cars

Twigg, M. V.; Phillips, P. J.

doi:10.1595/147106709x390977

Cited by 65 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For soot oxidation (steps 2 and 4), 0.6 vol% oxygen was added and the gas flow was reduced to 20 l/min. The temperature was set to 620°C, which is above the temperature required for soot burn off [2]. Downstream of the filter, CO and CO 2 concentrations were measured by NDIR and the O 2 concentration by a paramagnetic oxygen gas analyzer (MLT 3.3 M Analyzer on Emerson NGA 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influencing Parameters on the Microwave-Based Soot Load Determination of Diesel Particulate Filters

et al. 2016

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Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) are an essential part of today's diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment systems. For an effective filter regeneration strategy, the precise knowledge of the actual trapped soot mass is essential. Besides the state-of-the-art technology of determining the soot load via pressure drop and/or model-based, a microwave-based method enables direct and in situ soot load detection. Thereby, an electric field is impressed into the filter housing and the power transmission is measured, which correlates with the soot load. In this study, influencing parameters, especially temperature and humidity, are examined and compared to the sensitivity towards soot accumulation. Measurements were conducted in a laboratory test bench with a filter-core, which had been previously loaded with soot in an engine dynamometer. While humidity does not have a notable effect, the influence of temperature needs to be considered for real world application. Finally, a complete filter regeneration of the DPFcore in the laboratory test bench could be monitored with the microwave-based system. The carbon balance-derived burned soot mass coincides very well with the microwave derived transmission parameter.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a DPF, soot is trapped continuously in the pores of ceramic wall-flow filters. To avoid clogging, the filters have to be regenerated either from time to time or continuously [2]. Knowledge about the exact amount of trapped soot inside the filter at any time is important to implement an efficient regeneration strategy [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing Parameters on the Microwave-Based Soot Load Determination of Diesel Particulate Filters

et al. 2016

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“…104,201 At quite high car speeds, these systems allow "passive regeneration" behavior, where NO 2 is formed from NO and oxygen and oxidizes soot, by reducing to nitrogen. 104,201 At quite high car speeds, these systems allow "passive regeneration" behavior, where NO 2 is formed from NO and oxygen and oxidizes soot, by reducing to nitrogen.…”

Section: Catalysts For Diesel Engines Aftertreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Catalysts

Busca¹

2014

Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials

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“…To avoid clogging, they have to be regenerated regularly to burn off sorbed soot (Twigg and Phillips, 2009). Since regenerations consume fuel, the number of regenerations has to be kept to the minimum.…”

Section: Introduction Technical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automotive Catalyst State Diagnosis Using Microwaves

Moos

Fischerauer

2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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-The state of catalysts plays a key role in automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment. The soot or ash loading of Diesel particulate filters, the oxygen loading degree in three-way catalysts, the amount of stored ammonia in SCR catalysts, or the NO x loading degree in NO x storage catalysts are important parameters that are today determined indirectly and in a model-based manner with gas sensors installed upstream and/or downstream of the catalysts. This contribution gives an overview on a novel approach to determine the catalyst state directly by a microwave-based technique. The method exploits the fact that the catalyst housing acts as a microwave cavity resonator. As "sensing" elements, one or two simple antennas are mounted inside the catalyst canning. The electrical properties of the catalyst device (ceramic honeycomb plus coating and storage material) can be measured. Preferably, the resonance characteristics, e.g., the resonance frequencies, of selected cavity modes are observed. The information on the catalyst interior obtained in such a contactless manner is very well correlated with the catalyst state as will be demonstrated for different exhaust gas aftertreatment systems.Re´sume´-Diagnostic de l'e´tat de catalyseurs d'automobiles a`l'aide de micro-ondes -L'e´tat des catalyseurs joue un roˆle essentiel dans le post-traitement des gaz d'e´chappement automobiles. Le chargement en suie ou en cendres des filtres Diesel a`particules, la teneur en oxyge`ne dans les catalyseurs trois voies, la quantite´d'ammoniac stocke´e dans les catalyseurs SCR ou le niveau de chargement en NO x dans les catalyseurs de stockage de NO x sont des parame`tres importants de´termine´s aujourd'hui de manie`re indirecte et sur la base de mode`les avec des capteurs de gaz se trouvant en amont et/ou en aval des catalyseurs. Cette contribution pre´sente une nouvelle approche permettant de de´terminer l'e´tat du catalyseur, directement en utilisant une technique a`micro-ondes. La me´thode exploite le fait que le boıˆtier du catalyseur agit comme cavite´re´sonnante de micro-ondes. En tant qu'e´le´ments de de´tection, une ou deux antennes simples sont installe´es a`l'inte´rieur du conditionnement du catalyseur. Les proprie´te´s e´lectriques du dispositif catalytique (nid d'abeille en ce´ramique plus reveˆtement et mate´riau de stockage) peuvent eˆtre mesure´es. De pre´fe´rence, les caracte´ristiques de re´sonnance, par exemple les fre´quences de re´sonnance, des modes de cavite´se´lectionne´s, sont observe´es. Les donne´es obtenues de cette manie`re sans contact, sont tre`s bien corre´le´es avec l'e´tat du catalyseur, tel que cela sera de´montre´pour diffe´rents syste`mes de post-traitement des gaz d'e´chappement.

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Cleaning the Air We Breathe – Controlling Diesel Particulate Emissions from Passenger Cars

Cited by 65 publications

References 4 publications

Influencing Parameters on the Microwave-Based Soot Load Determination of Diesel Particulate Filters

Influencing Parameters on the Microwave-Based Soot Load Determination of Diesel Particulate Filters

Oxidation Catalysts

Automotive Catalyst State Diagnosis Using Microwaves

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