Cleansing Agents

Nitsch, Christian; Heitland, Hans-Joachim; Marsen, Horst

doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_137

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Drain cleaners are designed to unclog the drains and traps of sinks, bathtubs, showers, kitchen drains, septic tanks, cesspools, etc., when these become plugged with hair, grease, food residues, soap deposits, or the gelatinous masses that can result from the action of microorganisms . Drain cleaners fall roughly into three categories: (a) caustic agents with basic and (b) rarely acidic components and (c) green (enzymatic and bacterial) cleansers (Supporting Information 4, Table 5) which can be either powdered (concentrated) or liquid (solutions).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Database of Common Chemicals and Chemistry Demonstrations and Student Experiments Used in Hungary

Kovács

Betyár²,

Korom

2021

J. Chem. Educ.

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Chemistry curricula in part rely on the use of laboratory demonstrations and experiments. The complex nature of this kind of educational activity has been posing challenges from the very early days of teaching chemistry. As chemistry is an experimental science, one possible approach to make the teaching of this subject more efficient is to use materials that students encounter in their everyday life. The present paper delineates our efforts to create an integrated database of common chemicals and their use in Hungarian elementary and middle schools. The database combines two seemingly separate but intimately connected fields which has not been accomplished so far: a database of common chemicals and a database of chemistry laboratory demonstration experiments. The two databases with their own idiosyncrasies are connected through a common element, the components present in everyday chemicals. The database offers various levels of searching in both subdatabases and allows pre-and in-service teachers to design their own demonstrations and student experiments, based on common chemicals, that best fit their curricula in context-, project-, inquiry-, discovery-, and phenomenon-based education. The application of our database allows the facilitation of a conceptual change how chemistry and chemicals are contemplated both in and outside school.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Database of Common Chemicals and Chemistry Demonstrations and Student Experiments Used in Hungary

Kovács

Betyár²,

Korom

2021

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…These designs were used to study the influence of the factors CMP, pH, and Q on the detergency at the final time (De f ) of the following formulations: design D1, particle S50 suspension in solution at constant pH and flow; design D2, particle S50 suspension in 1.0 g L −1 of FAE solution at constant pH and flow; design D3, particle S50 suspension in 1.0 g L −1 of APG solution at constant pH and flow. 1.0 g L −1 of the surfactant concentration is representative of the final surfactant concentration in washing solutions for cleaning hard surfaces (Lentsch et al, ; Nitsch et al, ; Teasdale and Lafrance, ). Operational conditions and the matrix of assays are presented in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Design for Optimizing the Cleaning of Starch Adhering to Stainless‐Steel Surfaces Using Nonionic Surfactants and Silica Microparticles

Herrera‐Márquez

Vicaria

Alameda

2019

J Surfact & Detergents

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The statistical design of experiments has been used to assess the detergency of starch adhering to stainless steel considering three factors: pH, flow rate, and concentration of silica particles in the cleaning solution. The cleaning tests were carried out in a continuous‐flow device that simulates the behavior of a Cleaning‐In‐Place washing system. Different statistical designs were used to evaluate the detergency of cleaning solutions in the absence of surfactants and with two nonionic surfactants, i.e., an ethoxylated alcohol, and an alkylpolyglucoside (APG). Expressions were developed to simulate detergency levels as a function of the variables assayed, determining the optimal detergency of each cleaning solution studied. The results indicate that the variable most influential on detergency was pH. Cleaning solutions with high alkalinity are required to achieve a significant cleaning efficiency. On the other hand, the silica‐particle concentration did not influence the detergency results using cleaning solutions without surfactants. Nevertheless, the addition of either the ethoxylated alcohol or the APG to the cleaning solution with silica particles has a significant effect on detergency: it diminished with the ethoxylated alcohol and increased with the APG. Maximum detergency was found at the highest level of pH, particle concentration, and flow rate when the APG was added to the cleaning solution.

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“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) gas is readily dissolved in water, and its aqueous solution is generally used as a cleaning reagent in the household. [ 1 ] Apart from that, it is also used in many commercial and industrial applications like refrigeration, food production, wood coatings, and laundry. For household cleaning reagents, the concentration of ammonia solution used is typically 5% w/v, whereas for industry and commercial purposes solutions with higher concentrations of up to 25% w/v are also in use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Washable Nanostructured Sensing Layer in a Reusable Printed Ammonia Sensor Label

Tripathy,

Bhattacharjee

2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Ammonia (NH3) in its aqueous solution form is used in various day‐to‐day applications such as laboratory reagents, fertilizers, household cleaning, etc. due to its solubility in water. Hence, it is extremely important to have a large‐scale sensing system to avoid unintended health hazards. In this paper, a printed washable TiO2 nanoparticle (NP) layer‐based sensing solution to detect evaporated ammonia from its aqueous solution has been demonstrated in this regard. The response has a range of 0.5 to 25% (w/v) and is found to be considerably linear in the low concentration level of the ammonia solution. The sensitivity is found to be 0.339/%. The sensor illustrates considerably easy fabrication, reusability, and gas adsorption on the sensing layer. Printed electrodes are employed on a flexible PET substrate with a washable sensing layer. It is observed that the longevity of the electrodes is considerably high. A maximum 7.5% variation in the response is observed for the re‐used sensor after washing. Further, it is found that the electrodes are stable enough to be used up to 4 months in ambient conditions. The sensor can be useful to monitor the leakage of NH3 solution in industrial complexes and also in households.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Cleansing Agents

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Household and Institutional Cleansing Products 1.1. All‐Purpose Cleansers … Show more

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

An Integrated Database of Common Chemicals and Chemistry Demonstrations and Student Experiments Used in Hungary

An Integrated Database of Common Chemicals and Chemistry Demonstrations and Student Experiments Used in Hungary

Experimental Design for Optimizing the Cleaning of Starch Adhering to Stainless‐Steel Surfaces Using Nonionic Surfactants and Silica Microparticles

Washable Nanostructured Sensing Layer in a Reusable Printed Ammonia Sensor Label

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