Climate change adaptation costs in developing countries: insights from existing estimates

Chapagain, Dipesh; Baarsch, Florent; Schaeffer, Michiel; D’haen, Sarah

doi:10.1080/17565529.2020.1711698

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Overall, total financial commitments for adaptation over the studied period are far below the various estimates of adaptation costs in Africa, which range between US$7-15 billion per year for 2020 (AfDB, 2019;Schaeffer et al, 2013). Based on a meta-analysis of adaptation cost estimates and assuming future socio-economic trends do not shift markedly from historical trends, adaptation costs for Africa by 2050 range from US$11.5-36 billion per year for global warming around 1.5°C and US$18-59 billion per year for global warming around 2°C (Chapagain et al, 2020). Other estimates reach US$50-100 billion in scenarios for 2050 (Schaeffer et al, 2013) and 2100 (Schaeffer et al, 2015), respectively.…”

Section: Financial Commitments For Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying international public finance for climate change adaptation in Africa

et al. 2021

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Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, international financial assistance is expected to support African and other developing countries as they prepare for and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The impact of this finance depends on how much finance is mobilized and where it is targeted. However, there has been no comprehensive quantitative mapping of adaptationrelated finance flows to African countries to date. Here we track development finance principally targeting adaptation from bilateral and multilateral funders to Africa between 2014 and 2018. We find that the amounts of finance are well below the scale of investment needed for adaptation in Africa, which is a region with high vulnerability to climate change and low adaptation capacity. Finance targeting mitigation (US$30.6 billion) was almost double that for adaptation (US $16.5 billion). The relative share of each varies greatly among African countries. More adaptation-related finance was provided as loans (57%) than grants (42%) and half the adaptation finance has targeted just two sectors: agriculture; and water supply and sanitation. Disbursement ratios for adaptation in this period are 46%, much lower than for total development finance in Africa (at 96%). These are all problematic patterns for Africa, highlighting that more adaptation finance and targeted efforts are needed to ensure that financial commitments translate into meaningful change on the ground for African communities. Key policy insights. Between 2014 and 2018, adaptation-related finance committed by bilateral and multilateral funders to African countries remained well below US$5.5 billion per year, or roughly US$5 per person per year; these amounts are well below the estimates of adaptation costs in Africa. . Funders have not strategically targeted support for adaptation activities towards the most vulnerable to climate change African countries. . Lessons from countries that have been more successful in accessing finance point to the value of more sophisticated domestic adaptation policies and plans; of alignment with priorities of the NDC; of meeting funding requirements of specific funders; and of the strategic use of climate funds by national planners. . A low adaptation finance disbursement ratio in this period in Africa (at 46%) relates to barriers impeding the full implementation of adaptation projects: low grant to loan ratio; requirements for co-financing; rigid rules of climate funds; and inadequate programming capacity within many countries.

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Section: Financial Commitments For Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying international public finance for climate change adaptation in Africa

et al. 2021

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“…CRF programs are now established in several African countries and are also operationalized at a trans-African scale, facilitated by regional and sub-regional organizations (Jegede et al, 2020;White, 2012 (Chapagain et al, 2020). In countering the resulting water insecurity, the UTNWF brings together local corporations, Kenyan government agencies, local farmers, and NGOs, pooling their resources to protect and restore water quality and supply to parts of Kenya's arid yet vastly populated capital city (Rouillé-Kielo, 2019;Vogl et al, 2017).…”

Section: Financing Climate Resilience Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Climate Change: The Role of Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships in Building Climate Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa

Graham

2020

IJPS

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Research increasingly suggests that climate change has intensified the frequency of droughts, floods, and other environmental disasters across sub-Saharan Africa. In response to the resulting array of climate-induced challenges, various stakeholders are working collectively to build climate resilience in rural and urban communities and trans-continentally. This paper examines key climate resilience-building projects that have been implemented across sub-Saharan Africa through multi-stakeholder partnerships. It uses a vulnerabilities assessment approach to examine the strategic value of these projects in managing the mitigation of climate shocks and long-term environmental changes. There are still many challenges to building climate resilience in the region, but through multi-stakeholder partnerships, sub-Saharan African nations are expanding their capacity to pool resources and build collective action aimed at financing and scaling up innovative climate solutions. This article contributes to ongoing interdisciplinary academic, management, and policy discourses on global climate adaptation focused on populations and landscapes most at risk.

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“…Some evidences have proven that climate change is responsible for emerging and reemerging disease burdens in developing countries ( Bosello et al., 2006 ) including Nepal ( Bhandari et al., 2012 ; Shrestha et al., 2017 ), and others have suggested that the global health costs due to prevalence of diseases could be USD 12 billion by 2030 ( Ebi, 2008 ; Yoon et al., 2014 ). A climate adaptation cost analysis estimated that actual adaptation costs in low and middle income countries could be higher than half of gross domestic product ( IPCC, 2007b ; Chapagain et al., 2020 ). These studies are, however, limited to some meta-analysis and comparison exploration which ignore the demand side adaptation cost estimates based on the climate-related sensitivity analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of household health cost and climate adaptation cost with its health related determinants: empirical evidences from western Nepal

Paudel

Pant

2020

Heliyon

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Limited evidence is available concerning the household-level costs of prevailing diseases and the potential cost of climate adaptation in Nepal. This study estimates these costs and assesses the relationships between prevalent diseases and climate adaptation at the household level using survey data from 420 households. An ingredientsbased approach was used to estimate the cost of health and adaptation, and a Probit regression model was used to analyze the relationship between prevalent diseases and climate adaptation costs. Household direct curative costs are the highest among health cost components. Two-thirds of total health costs are direct costs for households. On average, 15.90% of household income is used for direct cost of health care. The climate hazard cost among afflicted households is estimated to be high. In addition, diseases like malaria, typhoid and jaundice, their costs, climate awareness program, droughts, family size and loss of per capita income are more likely to raise the cost of climate adaptation. The occurrence of gastritis, prevalence of diarrhea and cold waves are less likely to affect the cost. Policymakers should implement health financing schemes and adaptation strategies to prevent the loss of human health in western Nepal.

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Climate change adaptation costs in developing countries: insights from existing estimates

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Quantifying international public finance for climate change adaptation in Africa

Quantifying international public finance for climate change adaptation in Africa

Managing Climate Change: The Role of Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships in Building Climate Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa

Estimation of household health cost and climate adaptation cost with its health related determinants: empirical evidences from western Nepal

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