Climate Change and Glacier Fluctuation during the Last 1,000 Years in the Southern Mountains of the USSR

Kotlyakov, V. M.; Serebryanny, Leonid R.; Solomina, Olga

doi:10.2307/3673523

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Precipitation decreases with increasing continentality, creating distinct latitudinal and altitudinal gradients and glacier equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs; Aizen et al, 1996Aizen et al, , 1997Böhner, 2006). Present ELAs rise with increasing continentality given that they are a function of moisture availability in the region (Kotlyakov et al, 1991;Koppes et al, 2008).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

et al. 2011

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Numerous large landslide deposits occur in the Tien Shan, a tectonically active intraplate orogen in Central Asia. Yet their significance in Quaternary landscape evolution and natural hazard assessment remains unresolved due to the lack of "absolute" age constraints. Here we present the first 10Be exposure ages for three prominent (> 107 m3) bedrock landslides that blocked major rivers and formed lakes, two of which subsequently breached, in the northern Kyrgyz Tien Shan. Three 10Be ages reveal that one landslide in the Alamyedin River occurred at 11–15 ka, which is consistent with two 14C ages of gastropod shells from reworked loess capping the landslide. One large landslide in Aksu River is among the oldest documented in semi-arid continental interiors, with a 10Be age of 63–67 ka. The Ukok River landslide deposit(s) yielded variable 10Be ages, which may result from multiple landslides, and inheritance of 10Be. Two 10Be ages of 8.2 and 5.9 ka suggest that one major landslide occurred in the early to mid-Holocene, followed by at least one other event between 1.5 and 0.4 ka. Judging from the regional glacial chronology, all three landslides have occurred between major regional glacial advances. Whereas Alamyedin and Ukok can be considered as postglacial in this context, Aksu is of interglacial age. None of the landslide deposits show traces of glacial erosion, hence their locations and 10Be ages mark maximum extents and minimum ages of glacial advances, respectively. Using toe-to-headwall altitude ratios of 0.4–0.5, we reconstruct minimum equilibrium-line altitudes that exceed previous estimates by as much as 400 m along the moister northern fringe of the Tien Shan. Our data show that deposits from large landslides can provide valuable spatio-temporal constraints for glacial advances in landscapes where moraines and glacial deposits have low preservation potential.

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Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

et al. 2011

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“…A significant component in the coupling of Earth's systems involves the cryosphere, as glaciological processes affect atmospheric, hydrospheric, and lithospheric responses (Bush 2000, Shroder and Bishop 2000, Meier and Wahr 2002. Scientists have thus recognized the significance of understanding glacier fluctuations and their use as direct and indirect indicators of climate change (Kotlyakov et al 1991, Seltzer 1993, Haeberli and Beniston 1998, Maisch 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Foundations of Remote Sensing for Glacier Assessment and Mapping

Bishop

Bush

Furfaro

et al. 2014

Global Land Ice Measurements From Space

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The international scientific community is actively engaged in assessing ice sheet and alpine glacier fluctuations at a variety of scales. The availability of stereoscopic, multitemporal, and multispectral satellite imagery from the optical wavelength regions of the electromagnetic spectrum has greatly increased our ability to assess glaciological conditions and map the cryosphere. There are, however, important issues and limitations associated with accurate satellite information extraction and mapping, as well as new opportunities for assessment and mapping that are all rooted in understanding the fundamentals of the radiation transfer cascade. We address the primary radiation transfer components, relate them to glacier dynamics and mapping, and summarize the analytical approaches that permit transformation of spectral variation into thematic and quantitative parameters. We also discuss the integration of satellite-derived information into numerical modeling approaches to facilitate understandings of glacier dynamics and causal mechanisms.

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“…These trends can be illustrated through examples of other species during warm and cold periods or in warm and cold regions. From the 1000s to the 1500s in southern Russia, increases in temperature resulted in substantial growth of Turkestan juniper (Juniperus turkestanica) (Kotlyakov et al 1991); in contrast, from the 700s to the 800s, a decrease in temperature resulted in stunted tree growth of Turkestan juniper. Drobyshev et al (2010) reported a positive correlation between growth and average temperatures of the preceding October, which extends the period of physiological activity at the end of the growing season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate effect on tree-ring widths ofFagus orientalisin the Caspian forests, northern Iran

Haghshenas

Mohadjer

Attarod

et al. 2016

Forest Science and Technology

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This study aims at understanding the impacts of climate factors on the annual growth variations of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) at the Kheyrud Forest Research Station located in the Caspian forests of northern Iran. To this end, 18 disc samples were randomly taken from altitudes of 1038 to 1152 m above sea level. Tree rings were measured using TSAP-win software and a LINTABII machine. Since false and missing rings are typical in beech trees, skeleton plots were created to enhance crossdating accuracy. Chronologies were observed for a total of 15 samples. Meteorological data for rainfall and air temperature were recorded at the Nowshahr Meteorological Station, located near the study sites. Results showed a significant correlation between mean annual air temperature and radial growth (R D 0.54). Within the growing season, August temperatures reveal a significant correlation with tree ring (R D 0.41) while the highest association was observed in the previous December (R D 0.44) and the least association was found in February (R D 0.31). Excluding March (R D 0.33), there appeared to be no significant correlation between precipitation accumulated during and prior to the growing season and tree ring. In addition to oriental beech, there are many other species important to this region that may be sensitive to increasing temperatures.

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Climate Change and Glacier Fluctuation during the Last 1,000 Years in the Southern Mountains of the USSR

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Theoretical Foundations of Remote Sensing for Glacier Assessment and Mapping

Climate effect on tree-ring widths ofFagus orientalisin the Caspian forests, northern Iran

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Climate Change and Glacier Fluctuation during the Last 1,000 Years in the Southern Mountains of the USSR

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Glacial advances constrained by 10Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Glacial advances constrained by 10Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Theoretical Foundations of Remote Sensing for Glacier Assessment and Mapping

Climate effect on tree-ring widths ofFagus orientalisin the Caspian forests, northern Iran

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Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Glacial advances constrained by ¹⁰Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan