Climate Change in Eurasian Arctic Shelf Seas

Stratospheric polar vortex as a possible reason for temporal variations of solar activity and galactic cosmic ray effects on the lower atmosphere circulation

“…In turn, the changes of the NAO under strong and weak vortex regimes influence the average latitude of cyclone tracks, which are shifted to the north when the NAO is positive, and, respectively, temperature and precipitation over Europe (Baldwin and Dunkerton, 2001;Walter and Graf, 2005). The data presented by Frolov et al (2009) andGudkovich et al (2009) show that the rotation of cold and warm epochs in the Arctic region is related to the changes of the polar vortex state, warm and cold periods being associated with a strong and weak vortex, respectively. The data by Labitzke and colleagues (Labitzke, 1987;van Loon and Labitzke, 1988, etc.…”

“…Many recent studies showed that the stratospheric polar vortex is implicated in a variety of atmospheric processes including the formation of ozone holes in the Antarctic, the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO), interannual and secular climate variability (e.g., Solomon, 1990;Tompson and Wallace, 1998;Baldwin and Dunkerton, 2001;Walter and Graf, 2005;Frolov et al, 2009;Gudkovich et al, 2009, etc.). In particular, the temperature drop below À80°C inside the vortex produces favorable conditions for the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC).…”

“…(a) Anomalies of sea-level pressure and surface temperature in the Arctic region, the temperature data are given according toFrolov et al (2009). The thick lines show 15-year running averages.…”

Predictions of 27 Arctic pelagic seabird distributions using public environmental variables, assessed with colony data: a first digital IPY and GBIF open access synthesis platform

“…(Martin and Tyler 1995;CAFF 2001a;Arctic Council 2004;Hinzman et al 2005), and are inherently linked with coastal and marine ecosystems Full 1999;Krupnik and Jolly 2002;NRC 2003;Frolov et al 2009). The changes also provide a global connection and link with the atmosphere (Walter et al 2006;Anisimov et al 2007).…”

The dynamics of the warming hiatus over the Northern Hemisphere

“…As suggested by Wallace et al (1995) and He et al (2014), the land-sea thermal contrast can excite feedbacks related with circulation and induces the transition between the pattern of "cold ocean and warm land" (COWL) and "warm ocean and cold land" (WOCL). In addition, some studies suggest the recent cold winters in Eurasian and North America were influenced by the accelerated Arctic warming and sea ice decline (Frolov et al 2009;Outten and Esau 2012;Zakharov 2013;Cohen et al 2014;Mori et al 2014;Screen and Simmonds 2014;Xie et al 2015). Response to these thermal forcing variation, the circulation over extratropical NH represented by the atmospheric pressure field has also changed, which was suggested to contribute much to the previous enhanced wintertime warming and recent warming hiatus (Wallace et al 2012;Guan et al 2015).…”