Climate-Induced Changes in Grapevine Yield and Must Sugar Content in Franconia (Germany) between 1805 and 2010

Bock, Anna; Sparks, Tim H.; Estrella, Nicole; Menzel, Annette

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069015

Cited by 66 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Van Leeuwen et al, 2004;Fraga et al, 2014) and phenological development (Jones & Davis, 2000). Previous research has shown that climatic factors are the main drivers of vineyard yield (Santos et al, 2011;Bock et al, 2013) and wine quality (Jones et al, 2005b;Orduna, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling climate change impacts on viticultural yield, phenology and stress conditions in Europe

Fraga

Atauri

Malheiro

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

232

162

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Viticulture is a key socio-economic sector in Europe. Owing to the strong sensitivity of grapevines to atmospheric factors, climate change may represent an important challenge for this sector. This study analyses viticultural suitability, yield, phenology, and water and nitrogen stress indices in Europe, for present climates (1980-2005) and future (2041-2070) climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 and 8.5). The STICS crop model is coupled with climate, soil and terrain databases, also taking into account CO physiological effects, and simulations are validated against observational data sets. A clear agreement between simulated and observed phenology, leaf area index, yield and water and nitrogen stress indices, including the spatial differences throughout Europe, is shown. The projected changes highlight an extension of the climatic suitability for grapevines up to 55°N, which may represent the emergence of new winemaking regions. Despite strong regional heterogeneity, mean phenological timings (budburst, flowering, veraison and harvest) are projected to undergo significant advancements (e.g. budburst/harvest can be >1 month earlier), with implications also in the corresponding phenophase intervals. Enhanced dryness throughout Europe is also projected, with severe water stress over several regions in southern regions (e.g. southern Iberia and Italy), locally reducing yield and leaf area. Increased atmospheric CO partially offsets dryness effects, promoting yield and leaf area index increases in central/northern Europe. Future biomass changes may lead to modifications in nitrogen demands, with higher stress in northern/central Europe and weaker stress in southern Europe. These findings are critical decision support systems for stakeholders from the European winemaking sector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling climate change impacts on viticultural yield, phenology and stress conditions in Europe

Fraga

Atauri

Malheiro

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

232

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…During the last decades, most of the world's highest quality wine-producing regions have shown a warming trend during the growing season (Duchêne and Schneider, 2005;Jones et al, 2005). This change has led to an advance in phenology, which, jointly with some changes in cultural practices, resulted in earlier harvest dates, higher sugar concentration in grapes, and higher alcoholic concentration in wines (Duchêne and Schneider, 2005;Ramos et al, 2008;Tomasi et al, 2011;Neethling et al, 2012;Webb et al, 2012;Bock et al, 2013;Koufos et al, 2014;van Leeuwen and Darriet, 2016). Higher berry sugar content usually implies higher must pH, which results in less stable, less colored, leaner wines (Ribéreau-Gayon et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe trimming and enhanced competition of laterals as a tool to delay ripening in Tempranillo vineyards under semiarid conditions

et al. 2017

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Aim: An advance in grapevine phenological stages (including ripening) is occurring worldwide due to global warming and, in the hottest seasons, already results in a lack of synchrony between sugar and phenolic ripeness, leading to unbalanced wines. In order to cope with this fact, a general effort is being made by researchers and growers aiming at delaying ripening through cultural practices, particularly under warm growing conditions, where these effects are more deleterious. The aim of this work is to evaluate to which extent severe trimming and enhanced competition of laterals can delay ripening in Tempranillo vineyards under semiarid conditions. Methods and results:The experiment took place during two consecutive seasons in Traibuenas (Navarra, Spain) in a cv. 'Tempranillo' vineyard trained to a vertical shoot positioned (VSP) spur-pruned bilateral cordon. Severe mechanical pruning was performed ca. 3 weeks after fruit-set in order to reduce leaf-to-fruit ratio, and in the trimmed plants, three irrigation doses were applied until harvest aiming at enhancing lateral growth, hypothesized to compete with ripening. All measurements were performed in six 10-vine replicates per treatment. Trimming significantly reduced leaf area and yield, resulting in higher water availability in trimmed plants. The whole ripening process was delayed by trimming: mid-veraison was delayed by about 5 days, and the delay in sugar accumulation and acid degradation was longer, differences being more marked in malic than in tartaric acid concentration. The use of increased irrigation levels compensated the losses in yield caused by trimming, enhanced laterals' growth and implied an additional delay in ripening.Conclusion: trimming and increased irrigation had an additive effect in terms of delaying ripening, and they can be used jointly when that delay is needed.Significance and impact of the study: this study proves the potentiality of the joint use of trimming and increased irrigation to delay ripening, although it is necessary to analyze the implications the obtained delay has on other quality aspects. The lower anthocyanin and phenolic values observed in trimmed vines were not solely due to delayed ripening, as lower values were observed even when data were compared for a given total soluble solid content. Abstract

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“…4 An elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration may result in a greater accumulation of total biomass and, consequently, increased yield. 4,5 Growth period temperature influences phenology and the length of the growing season, and earlier harvest dates are expected with high temperatures. As a consequence of CO 2 and temperature increases, the yield, grape composition and quality will be affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape yield and quality responses to simulated year 2100 expected climatic conditions under different soil textures

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND The influence of global warming on grape quality is a great concern among grapegrowers and enologists. The effects of simulated year 2100 expected CO2, temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions (FCC; 700 µmol CO2 mol−1 air, 28/18 °C day/night and 33/53% RH, day/night) versus the current situation (Curr; 390 µmol CO2 mol−1 air, 24/14 °C and 45/65% RH); well‐irrigated versus expected future water deficit and three soils with different clay contents (41, 19 and 8%) on yield and berry quality of grapevine cv. Tempranillo were evaluated. RESULTS FCC shortened the time between fruit set and veraison and between fruit set and maturity by up to 7 and 10 days, respectively. This faster maturity led to higher must pH and tonality and reduced malic and tartaric acid concentrations, total anthocyanin concentration and colour intensity. Water deficit delayed ripeness for up to 9 days and reduced vegetative growth and malic acid concentration of grapes. However, this malic acid reduction did not occur with the clayey soils. These soils induced the lowest root fresh weight and berries with lower total anthocyanin concentration. CONCLUSION Among the adaptation techniques to cope with the described effects on fruit composition, soil selection should be considered with attention in addition to irrigation practices. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

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Climate-Induced Changes in Grapevine Yield and Must Sugar Content in Franconia (Germany) between 1805 and 2010

Cited by 66 publications

References 38 publications

Modelling climate change impacts on viticultural yield, phenology and stress conditions in Europe

Modelling climate change impacts on viticultural yield, phenology and stress conditions in Europe

Severe trimming and enhanced competition of laterals as a tool to delay ripening in Tempranillo vineyards under semiarid conditions

Grape yield and quality responses to simulated year 2100 expected climatic conditions under different soil textures

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