Climatic Response of Oak Species across an Environmental Gradient in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, USA

White, Philip; Gevel, Saskia L. van de; Grissino-Mayer, Henri D.; LaForest, Lisa B.; DeWeese, Georgina G.

doi:10.3959/2009-1.1

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This notion is supported by RWI of SD bur oaks, but not those from MO or WI, showing significant correlations with the previous year's climate ( data not shown ), a finding that is often associated with upland oak species (Stahle & Hehr ; White et al . ). The correlations of RWI and VPD were similar for MO and SD bur oaks (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of radial growth and carbon isotope discrimination of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) across continental gradients in precipitation, vapour pressure deficit and irradiance

Voelker

Meinzer²,

Lachenbruch

et al. 2013

Plant Cell & Environment

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Tree-ring characteristics are commonly used to reconstruct climate variables, but divergence from the assumption of a single biophysical control may reduce the accuracy of these reconstructions. Here, we present data from bur oaks (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) sampled within and beyond the current species bioclimatic envelope to identify the primary environmental controls on ring-width indices (RWIs) and carbon stable isotope discrimination (Δ 003). RWI and Δ 13C were positively correlated in the drier regions, while they were negatively correlated in the wettest region. The strength and direction of the correlations scaled with regional VPD or the ratio of precipitation to evapotranspiration. Therefore, the correlation strength between RWI and Δ 13 C may be used to infer past wetness or aridity from paleo wood by determining the degree to which carbon gain and growth have been more limited by moisture or light.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of radial growth and carbon isotope discrimination of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) across continental gradients in precipitation, vapour pressure deficit and irradiance

Voelker

Meinzer²,

Lachenbruch

et al. 2013

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…In the area of its natural appearance (eastern part of the North America) the red oak is also sensitive to the amount of the rainfall; summer drought was presented as a factor limiting growth (Fekedulegn et al 2003;Haavik et al 2008;Speer et al 2009;Tarrell 2009, 2011;White et al 2011). Thermal conditions were indicated as an additional factor affecting incremental dynamics of the red oaks; negative values of the correlation and regression were noted in both, southern Canada , as well as the eastern United States (Fekedulegn et al 2003;Haavik et al 2011;Pan et al 1997;Pederson et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendroclimatic investigations on Quercus rubra and Quercus robur in north-western Poland

Cedro

Nowak

2015

Dendrobiology

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Abstract:The study was aimed at investigations of the relationships growth-climate at two oak species growing in forests of north-western Poland; the red oak, the most abundant deciduous tree species of foreign origin, in terms of the appearance sites and surface, and the common oak, the most abundant domestic oak species. The research material were samples taken with a Pressler increment borer from 51 oak trees from two research plots. Within the surfaces selected, trees grow in a fresh forest habitat, in the floral association of the lowland fertile beech forest, also called the Pomerania beech forest, with plants characteristic for the association of the lowland humid beech forest with mercuries, encountered only in the Puszcza Bukowa (Beech Forest). The trees investigated were in good and very good health conditions, only scarce branch and bough deadwood could be observed in the canopies. On the basis of measurements of the annual growth widths, three local chronologies were constructed; two for the red oak and one for the common oak. After the indexation, they were used for dendroclimatical analyses; signature years, correlation and response function. The red oaks forming the shortest chronology (79-year-long pattern representing ca. 90-year-old trees) exhibited the narrowest mean annual increments (1.27 mm), in comparison to the longer chronologies (156 and 151 years in length, the increment widths 1.55 and 1.59 mm, respectively). This could be due to relatively high density of the tree stand, formation of the second stage, beneath the main canopies, as well as lack sufficient amount of the sunlight for the red oaks from that research plot. At both the species analysed, the predominating factor affecting the annual growth widths proved to be the amount of precipitation in the growth season, particularly in June and July, as well and thermal conditions of October of the year preceding the vegetation season in question. In the time of present climatic changes, as well as shifting ranges of the species of plants and animals (including insect pests of the forest trees), knowledge of the relation growth-climate for one of the foreign trees, most often introduced in Poland, characterized by fast growth, resistance on insect pests, and high quality of wood, becomes highly important for the forest management, particularly at planning seedlings, of which effects would be possible to evaluate in over 100 years.

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“…Interannual variation in treering variables has been used to reconstruct late Holocene temperatures (Mann et al 1999, Briffa et al 2001, Esper et al 2002, Moberg et al 2005. For oaks, climate reconstructions have generally been aimed at isolating precipitation or drought signals (Stahle and Hehr 1984, Sieg et al 1996, St. George and Nielsen 2002, Speer et al 2009, White et al 2010, Stambaugh et al 2011). However, the use of quantitative wood anatomy can in some cases reveal a signal distinct from tree-ring characteristics (Fonti et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring temperature responses of oaks are synchronous with North Atlantic conditions during the last deglaciation

Voelker

Noirot-Cosson

Stambaugh

et al. 2012

Ecological Monographs

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Paleoclimate proxies based on the measurement of xylem cell anatomy have rarely been developed across the temperature range of a species or applied to wood predating the most recent millennium. Here we describe wood anatomy‐based proxies for spring temperatures in central North America from modern bur oaks (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.). The strong coherence of temperature signals across the species range supports the use of these proxies across thousands of years of climatic change. We also used 79 subfossil oak log cross sections from northern Missouri, 14C‐dated to 9.9–13.63 ka (ka is 1000 cal yr BP), to assess the frequency of oak deposition into alluvial sediments and a subset of these oaks for a wood anatomy‐based reconstruction of spring paleotemperatures. Temperatures during the Younger Dryas cold period (YD) were up to 3.5°C lower than modern temperatures for that region, equivalent to or lower than those experienced at the northern edge of the modern species range. Compared to extant oaks growing at much higher [CO2], subfossil oaks had greater vessel frequencies. Besides very low theoretical (or estimated) xylem conductivity near the beginning of the oak record near 13.6 ka, vessel frequencies greater than modern trees compensated for reduced vessel dimensions so that theoretical xylem conductivity was consistently above that of modern trees at the cold northern sites. Significant correlations were found between the frequency of 14C‐dated oaks and either δ18O from the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) ice core or from the Cariaco grayscale marine‐sediment record from the southern Caribbean sea. Oak deposition into alluvial sediments during the YD was significantly lower than expected given the average sample depth of oaks from 9.9 to 13.6 ka. Reduced oak deposition during the YD suggests that an abrupt shift in climate reduced oak populations across the region and/or changed the rates of channel movement across drainages.

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Climatic Response of Oak Species across an Environmental Gradient in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, USA

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Drivers of radial growth and carbon isotope discrimination of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) across continental gradients in precipitation, vapour pressure deficit and irradiance

Drivers of radial growth and carbon isotope discrimination of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) across continental gradients in precipitation, vapour pressure deficit and irradiance

Dendroclimatic investigations on Quercus rubra and Quercus robur in north-western Poland

Spring temperature responses of oaks are synchronous with North Atlantic conditions during the last deglaciation

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