Clinical and Etiological Structure of Nosocomial Infections in Bulgaria for the Period 2011-2016

Mitova, Y.; Angelova, Sirma; Doicheva, V.; Donkov, George; Mincheva, Ц.

doi:10.1515/amb-2017-0015

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Reportedly, 30.6% of all the cases of hospital acquired bacteriemia in Bulgaria between 2011 and 2016 were due to S. epidermidis. 17 Other CoNS ( Table 1) were very rare isolates in the studied samples, similar to other results. [15][16][17] The significance of Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…17 Other CoNS ( Table 1) were very rare isolates in the studied samples, similar to other results. [15][16][17] The significance of Staphylococcus spp. as a cause of health careassociated infections, especially BSI, has recently been a subject of research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our results confirm that the major opportunistic etiological agent of nosocomial bacteriemia is a part of the indigenous microbiota of human skin and mucous membranes, S. epidermidis. [15][16][17] In this study, it was isolated in 54.6%, and 50.7% were MRSE from the tested blood cultures. Reportedly, 30.6% of all the cases of hospital acquired bacteriemia in Bulgaria between 2011 and 2016 were due to S. epidermidis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…This suggests that there is a difference in the origin of the causative agent -community acquired or hospital acquired, which is more frequently described as a reason for increasing the health care-associated infections in relation to MRSA and MRSCoNS. 6,17,22 MLS resistance that did not correlate with hospital acquired infections. Moreover, a dramatic increase in clindamycin resistance among S. aureus isolates has been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…S. epidermidis and S. hemolyticus produce strong extracellular slime and protein-binding substances that stimulate easy biofilm formation. [17][18][19] S. warneri are isolated rarely from patients with artificial heart valves, cerebrospinal fluid derivation shunts, intravascular catheters, similar to the other representatives of CoNS, but some cases of sepsis in immune-competent patients with lack of risk factors have been reported. 2 The first case of S. warneri isolated from sturgeons with sepsis has been reported by Bulgarian authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular-genetic Method for Fast Direct Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin Resistance in Blood Cultures and Punctures

Gergova

Tsitou

Mitov

2019

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Citation: Gergova RT, Tsitou VMS, Mitov IG. Molecular-genetic method for fast direct detection of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistance in blood cultures and punctures. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019;61(4):559-65. AbstractBackground: Invasive infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRSA/ MRSCoN) require fast, adequate treatment.The aim of this study was to develop a faster protocol for direct detection of MRSA/MRSCoN in blood cultures and in abscess punctures based on mecA and species specific identification of S. aureus by polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). Materials and methods:We examined 77 growth-positive BACTEC blood cultures and 50 abscess punctures by routine microbiological assay and simultaneous PCR detection of MRSA/MRSCoN. The specificity of the PCR was evaluated by using DNA from another 15 microbial species for negative controls. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxacillin, vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, levofloxacin, clindamycin, and erythromycin against the S. aureus isolates using the E-test. Results:In the blood cultures, the two methods detected 39.3% of MRSA, and 93.9% of MRCoNS. In the punctures, the PCR assay identified 20.9% of MRSA and 79.2% of MSSA. In the puncture cases, there were three PCR MRSA positive and culture negative samples. Screening for susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents demonstrated significantly higher (p<0.05) methicillin resistance in blood culture isolates than in the puncture ones (39.3% and 20.0%, respectively). Conclusion:The new PCR protocol was very fast and specific. It was more sensitive in detecting MRSA from abscess punctures than the routine microbiological techniques. This protocol will speed up the right choice of empirical therapy, which is extremely important for saving patients' lives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular-genetic Method for Fast Direct Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin Resistance in Blood Cultures and Punctures

Gergova

Tsitou

Mitov

2019

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Relationship between MLSB resistance and the prevalent virulence genotypes among Bulgarian Staphylococcus aureus isolates

Tsitou

Mitov

Gergova

2021

Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica

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The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics, the mechanisms underlying this resistance and to evaluate their relationship with virulence genes profiles of 435 Bulgarian clinical isolates Staphylococcus aureus. The highest resistance was observed to penicillin (96.09%), followed by resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin (34.02 and 22.76%, respectively). Of the tested clinical strains of S. aureus, 96.09% contained the blaZ gene associated with penicillin resistance and 11.03%, the mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance. The most prevalent were the erm genotypes associated with the presence mainly of ermA and ermC genes followed by ermB. The frequency rates of these genes, alone or in combinations were ermA 41.89%, ermB 27.70%, ermC 43.99%. The majority of Bulgarian macrolide resistant S. aureus exhibited cMLS phenotype, in 58.78% (P = 0.0036). The following virulence genotypes were present significantly more often in the macrolide resistant S. aureus isolates among the studied ones: hlg; hlg,seb; hlg,seb,sec; hlg,seb,seh; hlg,sec; hlg,sec,sei; hlg,sec,sei; hlg,sei; hlg,sei,sej; hlg,sej. This survey found correlation between the virulence profiles with a small number of genes and macrolide resistance among Bulgarian clinical S. aureus isolates, in contrast to sensitive strains, which possessed profiles predominantly with multiple genes.

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Study of Trends in the Etiological Structure of Nosocomial Infections Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Ruse Region for 2017-2021

Monov,

Paunov

2023

JofIMAB

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The most important and very difficult thing is to establish the cause (etiology) for the occurrence of nosocomial infections in medical facilities in the country and the world. Objective: To study the frequency and structure of nosocomial infections before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Ruse region for 2017-2021. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of the data on the registered nosocomial infections for a period of five years (2017 - 2021), reports, analyses, and laboratory studies of Regional Health Inspectorate Ruse, from national governmental studies, normative documents and literature are applied. Results: The analysis of the data from the etiological diagnosis of nosocomial infections in the Ruse region is from 9 medical facilities included in the national electronic system for the control of nosocomial infections (NIs). The etiological structure of NIs in the Ruse region is represented by 39 microbial species. The relative share of the untested varies from 10.59% in 2017 to 15.75% in 2021. For the etiologically unproven, it is from 2.39% for 2019 to 1.68% for 2021, with a decreasing trend. Conclusions: The analysis of the isolated microbial species by group shows that for the entire period, the proportion of gram-negative flora was 62% of the isolates (2017), followed by 23.02% of gram-positive microorganisms (2017), and the relative proportion of fungi and viruses was ~ 3 %.

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Clinical and Etiological Structure of Nosocomial Infections in Bulgaria for the Period 2011-2016

Abstract: Abstract. Despite their partial diagnosis and registration, nosocomial infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular-genetic Method for Fast Direct Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin Resistance in Blood Cultures and Punctures

Molecular-genetic Method for Fast Direct Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin Resistance in Blood Cultures and Punctures

Relationship between MLSB resistance and the prevalent virulence genotypes among Bulgarian Staphylococcus aureus isolates

Study of Trends in the Etiological Structure of Nosocomial Infections Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Ruse Region for 2017-2021

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