Clinical and psychological correlates of two domains of hopelessness in schizophrenia

Abstract

Abstract-Hopelessness is a widely observed barrier to recovery from schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Yet little is known about how clinical, social, and psychological factors independently affect hope. Additionally, the relationships that exist between these factors and different kinds of hope are unclear.To explore both issues, we correlated two aspects of hope, expectations of the future and agency, with stigma, clinical symptoms, anxiety, and coping preferences in 143 persons with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Multiple regressions revealed that hope for the future was predicted by lesser alienation, lesser preference for ignoring stressors, and lesser emotional discomfort and negative symptoms, accounting for 43% of the variance. A greater sense of agency was linked to lesser endorsement of mental illness stereotypes, fewer negative symptoms, lesser social phobia, and lesser preference for ignoring stressors, accounting for 44% of the variance. Implications for research and interventions are discussed.

The relationship between hope and patient activation in consumers with schizophrenia: Results from longitudinal analyses

“…That hope and patient activation are empirically related is consistent with studies emphasizing hope as an important factor for consumers' active engagement in recovery (Kirkpatrick et al, 2001;McCann, 2002). Similarly, prior research (Hoffman et al, 2000;Lysaker et al, 2008) has shown that individuals with low 12 hope tend to give up easier and are less involved in their recovery. It is plausible that hope can lead to increased activation and involvement in recovery.…”

“…Alternatively, hopelessness has been linked with being less likely to take action (Lysaker et al, 2008;Hoffman et al, 2000). Together, these findings are consistent with Deegan's (1988) earlier contention that regaining hope is critical for treatment engagement.…”

“…Schizophrenia is often a chronic and debilitating mental illness, and can be associated with feelings of hopelessness (Lysaker et al, 2008). Yet, current mental health policies in the U.S. support a recovery-oriented system where consumers are not passive recipients of care but are encouraged to partner with mental health providers and actively engage in treatment (President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, 2003).…”

Validação da Versão Brasileira da Escala ISMI Adaptada para Dependentes de Substâncias

“…Isso implica que o estigma internalizado está inversamente associado a sentimentos de esperança. A desesperança pode resultar na internalização do estigma ou em crenças estereotipadas sobre o transtorno mental (Lysaker, Salyers, Tsai, Spurrier, & Davis, 2008), assim como indivíduos autoestigmatizados podem não aderir ao tratamento prescrito por se sentirem sem esperança e achar que o tratamento não rende benefícios (Corrigan et al, 2006). Pesquisas futuras são necessárias para determinar por que a diminuição da esperança está relacionada ao estigma internalizado, mas não especificamente à experiência subjetiva de ser avaliado de forma inferior aos demais membros da sociedade, visto que não houve correlação significativa entre a EEH e a subescala Alienação da ISMI Brasil.…”

Language and hope in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders

“…Hope has been identified as an integral factor in recovery for people with schizophrenia (Deegan, 1996;Noordsy et al, 2002;Resnick et al, 2005) and has been described as the most basic step to recovery, in that one must believe recovery is possible and begin to look to the future with optimism (Jacobson and Greenley, 2001). Greater hope has also been associated with reduced symptoms, improved social functioning, a greater sense of personal recovery, greater activation in psychiatric treatment, and better quality of life in people diagnosed with schizophrenia (Kukla et al, 2013a;Kukla et al, 2013b;Lysaker et al, 2004;Lysaker et al, 2008;Mashiach-Eizenberg et al, 2013;Oles et al, 2015).…”