Clinical parameters: biological validity and clinical utility

Mombelli, Andrea

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2005.00117.x

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(129 reference statements)

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“…Probing depth was defined as the distance between the gingival margin and the bottom of the sulcus/pocket. 5 The examiners used a Williams SE manual periodontal probe (1,2,3,5,7,8,9, and 10 mm), which was introduced into the interior of the gingival sulcus following the length of the tooth until resistance was felt by the penetrating probe. Each participant had to have a minimum of 6 teeth per quadrant to be included in the study, and 6 sites per tooth were probed (mesiobuccal, buccal, distal buccal, mesiolingual, lingual, and distolingual), excluding third molars.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Typically evaluated parameters include probing depth, gingival levels, presence or absence of bleeding, and clinical attachment levels. 2,[4][5][6] The more exact the measuring tools are, the more reproducible the measurements will be; additionally, a higher level of control of the variables that affect probing will be achieved. Furthermore, an accuracy Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of manual probing depth

Andrade¹,

Espinoza²,

Gómez³

et al. 2012

Braz. oral res.

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The periodontal probe remains the best clinical diagnostic tool for the collection of information regarding the health status and the attachment level of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate intra-and inter-examiner reproducibility of probing depth (PD) measurements made with a manual probe. With the approval of an Ethics Committee, 20 individuals without periodontal disease were selected if they presented at least 6 teeth per quadrant. Using a Williams periodontal probe, three calibrated thesis-level students (k > 0.6) assessed PD at 6 sites per tooth, from the gingival margin to the bottom of the periodontal sulcus (rounded to the next 0.5 mm). Initial and repeated measurements were performed by the same three examiners. The intra-examiner agreement (± 1 mm > 90%) was 99.85%, 100%, and 100% for the three examiners, respectively. When the variables vestibular/lingual surfaces, mesial/distal surfaces, or superior/inferior jaws were evaluated, no significant differences in reproducibility were detected at the inter-examiner level (p < 0.05). At this level, the only significant differences observed were in the three examiners' measurements of the anterior and posterior sites. While high intra-examiner reproducibility was detected, interexaminer level proved to be low. We can conclude that measurement of PD with a manual periodontal probe produced high reproducibility in healthy individuals. The operator's position can affect the reproducibility of repeated measures of PD. Calibration and operator training, rather than operator experience, were fundamental for reproducibility. Other factors, such as individual technique and probing depth force, can affect inter-examiner reproducibility.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of manual probing depth

Andrade¹,

Espinoza²,

Gómez³

et al. 2012

Braz. oral res.

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“…In addition to improving inflammatory markers, SUPRA 7 produced significant gains in clinical attachment, which is an important tool for monitoring long-term outcomes. 11 Despite the importance of these observations, the complementary effects of SUPRA performed before and separately from the SRP intervention remain unexplored. It was hypothesized that SUPRA may be helpful to reduce the subgingival intervention needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supragingival treatment as an aid to reduce subgingival needs: a 450-day investigation

et al. 2014

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Supragingival treatment as an aid to reduce subgingival needs: a 450-day investigation abstract: This study investigated the clinical effects of using a supragingival biofilm control regimen (SUPRA) as a step prior to scaling and root planing (SRP). A split-mouth clinical trial was performed in which 25 subjects with periodontitis (47.2 ± 6.5 years) underwent treatment (days 0-60) and monitoring (days 90-450) phases. At Day 0 (baseline) treatments were randomly assigned per quadrant: SUPRA, SRP and S30SRP (SUPRA 30 days before SRP). The full-mouth visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), periodontal probing depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were examined on days 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 270, and 450. Baseline data were similar among all groups. From days 0 to 60, the groups showed similar significant decreases in VPI and GBI. Reductions in PPD for the SRP (3.39 ± 0.17 to 2.42 ± 0.16 mm) and S30SRP (3.31 ± 0.11 to 2.40 ± 0.07 mm) groups were greater (p < 0.05) than those for the SUPRA group. This pattern was also observed for BOP. Attachment gain was similar and greater for the SRP (3.34 ± 0.28 to 2.58 ± 0.26 mm) and S30SRP (3.25 ± 0.21 to 2.54 ± 0.19 mm) groups compared to the SUPRA group. Results were maintained from day 90 forward. Overall, the S30SRP treatment reduced the subgingival treatment needs in 48.16%. Performance of a SUPRA step before SRP decreased subgingival treatment needs and maintained the periodontal stability over time.

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“…According to the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) classification of periodontal disease, we measured the following periodontal parameters: ù the plaque index (PI), measured on all surfaces of each tooth, according to a simplified scale by O`Leary: the proportion of surfaces covered with dental plaque to all examined surfaces [%]; ù the bleeding on probing index (BOP), measured as the percentage of bleeding sites around of each toot [%], according to Ainamo's scale; ù the probing depth (PD), the distance measured between the marginal border of the gingiva and the periodontal pocket bottom (a WHO 621 calibration dental probe); ù the connective tissue attachment loss (CAL) level, measured by the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the periodontal pocket bottom. 13 All the gathered data was included in the documentation and analyzed according to the AAP diagnosis criterion guidelines.…”

Section: Periodontal Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between pancreatic dysfunction markers and selected indices of periodontitis

Miskiewicz¹,

Szparecki²,

Durlik

et al. 2018

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Periodontitis is a major risk factor of systemic diseases with inflammatory etiology. Numerous studies have established the connection between periodontal condition and diabetes, but there are no reports in the literature on the relationship between periodontitis and other pancreas conditions. The activity of pancreatic enzymes is an important parameter of pancreatic damage, and is also a diagnostic marker of acute and chronic pancreatitis, and the bleeding index determines the periodontitis activity. To date, the periodontal status in both of the above-mentioned conditions has not been examined.

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Clinical parameters: biological validity and clinical utility

Cited by 37 publications

References 94 publications

Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of manual probing depth

Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of manual probing depth

Supragingival treatment as an aid to reduce subgingival needs: a 450-day investigation

The correlation between pancreatic dysfunction markers and selected indices of periodontitis

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