Clinical Significance of a Proposed Developmental Trauma Disorder Diagnosis

Ford, Julián D.; Grasso, Damion J.; Greene, Carolyn A.; Levine, Joel B.; Spinazzola, Joseph; Kolk, Bessel van der

doi:10.4088/jcp.12m08030

Cited by 88 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…The developmental impact of traumatic events occurring during childhood can produce a change in neurological processes in the brain, resulting in long-term consequences over the lifespan (Ford et al, 2014;Van Der Kolk, Roth, Pelcovitz, Sunday, & Spinazzola, 2005). The effects of childhood abuse on the developing brain is well documented in the literature (D'Andrea, Ford, Stolbach, Spinazzola, & Van der Kolk, 2012;Ford et al, 2013;Van Der Kolk et al, 2005). A Level I controlled, randomized trial examined the effects of SUD and childhood maltreatment on altered limbic neurobiology, relapse severity in SUD, and reduced limbic gray matter volume using structured magnetic resonance (MRI) with the goal of finding neurobiological structural changes in the brain (Van Dam et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The profound effects of childhood abuse on neuronal and hormonal processes has been shown to alter the developing brain resulting in social, cognitive, and psychological dysfunction (Ford et al, 2013). Several studies examined the effects of complex trauma on the developing brain in terms of emotion regulation, with resultant inability to modulate distressing emotions in a healthy manner (Cloitre et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening Adults With Substance Use Disorder for Adverse Childhood Experiences

Chandler

Kalmakis²,

Murtha³

2018

UJAN

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the efficacy and feasibility of a trauma-informed screening for ACEs among individuals in a substance use disorder recovery program. Method: Individual interviews, questionnaires, and postinterview survey and reflections were used in this cross-sectional clinical translation project. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographics, ACE scores, protective childhood experiences, self-reported diagnoses, and postintervention survey data. Postinterview reflections were reviewed and grouped into common ideas as shared by participants, as well as interesting impressions, insights, and responses to the interviews. Results: Thirty clients participated in the interview process. Among the 29 participants who completed the questionnaires, all reported at least one ACE, and 82.8% reported six or more ACEs. In addition, 96.6% reported experiencing more than four protective factors. Twelve (40%) clients were referred for further mental health counseling after the interviews. Notable findings from the interviews were the general lack of awareness of the relationship between ACEs and current substance use disorder among participants. Gaining knowledge about the impact of ACEs on their recovery seemed to provide a sense of relief and a feeling that they were “normal.” Conclusions: The trauma-informed care approach is intended to promote mindfulness regarding the effect of ACEs on substance abuse in this population. Screening for ACEs is necessary if effective interventions are to be provided, with the goal of improving client outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Adults With Substance Use Disorder for Adverse Childhood Experiences

Chandler

Kalmakis²,

Murtha³

2018

UJAN

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“…Various terms have been used to describe children who have experienced early, recurrent, and severe interpersonal trauma—including developmental trauma disorder , 38 complex trauma , 39 and polyvictimization . 40 Those children often present with extreme dysregulation in the physical, affective, behavioral, cognitive, and interpersonal domains.…”

Section: [1] Childhood Traumatization and Psychiatric Comorbidities Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Maltreatment, Emotional Dysregulation, and Psychiatric Comorbidities

Dvir

Ford

Hill

et al. 2014

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

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501

305

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Affect dysregulation, defined as the impaired ability to regulate and/or tolerate negative emotional states, and has been associated with interpersonal trauma and post-traumatic stress. Affect regulation difficulties also play a role in many other psychiatric conditions, including anxiety disorders and mood disorders, specifically major depression in youth and bipolar disorder throughout the life span. Exposure to traumatic events and interpersonal trauma in childhood is associated with a wide range of psychosocial, developmental, and medical impairments in children, adolescents and adults, with emotional dysregulation being a core feature that may help to account for this heightened risk. In order to understand how the developmental effects of childhood maltreatment contribute to emotional dysregulation and psychiatric sequelae, we review emotional regulation and its developmental neurobiology, and examine the research evidence of associations between childhood traumatization, emotional dysregulation, and psychiatric co-morbidities in children, adolescents and adults.

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“…Furthermore, the child will not receive those interventions that promote healing. 65,66 Within the FCPMH, anticipatory guidance can be both preventive and ameliorative. Anticipatory guidance in the context of adversity should address the issues of selfregulation, attachment, and competency, which are affected by the stress response.…”

Section: Identifying and Responding To Child Maladaptations To Adversitymentioning

confidence: 99%