Clonal growth and fragment regeneration of <i>Rumex obtusifolius</i> L.

Pino, Joan; Haggar, R. J.; Sans, F. Xavier; Masalles, R. M.; Hamilton, R. N. Sackville

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb02027.x

Cited by 44 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The reduced g s might be also important in maintaining hydraulic conductance in the plant and for the avoidance of embolism (Aranda et al 2005). It has been shown previously that R. obtusifolius can grow quite fast under drought (Pino et al 1995). The tap root system of this species can reach deep soil layers down to 2.5 meters (Kutschera et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of an extended drought period on physiological properties of grassland species in the field

Signarbieux

Feller

2011

J Plant Res

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A very high percentage (around 70%) of the agronomic area in Switzerland is covered by grasslands at various altitudes where environmental conditions, management, community structure and productivity vary widely. As heat waves and drought are predicted to increase in future climate, survival of plant species in grasslands is a major issue of concern in Central Europe. The effect of summer drought on representative grasslands in Switzerland was studied through drought experiments (using rain-out shelters avoiding natural precipitation) to understand the response of predominant species to changed climatic conditions. The physiological performance (gas exchange, leaf water potential) of selected species was investigated at three locations in Switzerland. The predawn leaf water potential of all species was lower (more negative) under the dryer conditions at the three sites. Net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of forb and legume species did not show major changes under drought, while grass species showed large decreases at the lowland site. These differences between forb-legume and grass species were not observed at the pre-alpine and alpine site. The apparent drought tolerance of the forb-legume species seems to be due-at least partially-to increased water use efficiency under drought conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of an extended drought period on physiological properties of grassland species in the field

Signarbieux

Feller

2011

J Plant Res

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“…It is well known that non-optimal management of meadows and pastures (e.g. (Cavers and Harper, 1964) and its initial growth is strongly suppressed by above-and below-ground competition with other plant species (Jeangros and Nösberger, 1990;Zaller, 2004a conditions, and the number of shoots and leaves was highest under drought (Pino et al, 1995). Following the fluctuating resource theory of Davis et al (2000), the gaps created by drought can be considered as patches of unexploited resources and therefore increased invasibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive advantage of Rumex obtusifolius L. might increase in intensively managed temperate grasslands under drier climate

Gilgen

Signarbieux

Feller

et al. 2010

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Climate models predict decreasing amounts of precipitation for future summers in Switzerland. Since grasslands cover about one quarter of the area, severe consequences might be expected for Swiss agriculture, ranging from loss of grassland productivity to changes in vegetation composition. Since stressed ecosystems are also more susceptible to invasion, future drier conditions might favour the emergence of weeds. However, the response of temperate grasslands to drought has not been investigated in great detail so far. Using transparent rain shelters, we simulated extreme summer drought conditions in intensively managed temperate grassland in the Swiss lowlands at 400 m (Chamau, located near the city of Lucerne) and studied the drought response of Rumex obtusifolius, one of the most troublesome weeds for forage production. We quantified above-ground biomass and assessed the resource use in terms of carbon, nitrogen and water. R. obtusifolius increased its above-ground biomass production in response to drought, comprising up to 80% of the total community biomass in 2006. Within the drought plots, highest pre-dawn leaf water potentials, high values for midday leaf water potentials, stomatal conductance and assimilation clearly indicated that R. obtusifolius was much less affected by drought than other plant species. In general, no significant differences were found for these variables between drought and control R. obtusifolius plants, in contrast to the other plant species. Higher water use efficiency together with a change in N acquisition patterns resulted in a competitive advantage of R. obtusifolius over other species, favouring the spread of this weed. Thus, our results suggest a potential increase of weed pressure by R. obtusifolius under future climatic conditions, demanding additional management measures to limit its success.3

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“…Data collection. The number of all R. obtusifolius plants (growing points according to Pino et al (1995), individual plants or seedlings together) was counted in each monitoring plot on each day of mechanical weeding, which was performed eight times during the study period. The collected data were recalculated and expressed as plant density per 1 m 2 in all analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that besides enormous seed production, R. obtusifolius is able to regenerate via buds on strong underground stem systems above the root collar (Pino et al 1995). Buds are common on dock crowns in the upper 0-10 cm soil layer; it means that digging the plants out from less than 10 cm below the soil surface is not a very effective method of R. obtusifolius control.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanical weeding of Rumex obtusifolius L. under different N, P and K availabilities in permanent grassland

L¹,

Hejcman²,

Křišt'álová³

et al. 2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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In Europe, Rumex obtusifolius L. is the most problematic grassland weed species, especially under the conditions of organic farming. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effectiveness of repeated mechanical weeding of R. obtusifolius from the permanent sward, cut two or three times per year, by digging the plants out from 5 cm below the soil surface, and (2) to test the effect of nutrient availability on the effectiveness of mechanical weeding. In 2007, the manipulative experiment was established on permanent grassland infested by R. obtusifolius using the following fertilizer treatments: control, P, N, NP and NPK. Plants of R. obtusifolius were removed eight times during three vegetation seasons. No significant decrease in the density of R. obtusifolius was recorded after three vegetation seasons and density was not significantly affected by fertilizer treatment. The cover of R. obtusifolius decreased slightly, but significantly, over the study period from 7.5% to 4.5%. The cover of R. obtusifolius was only marginally affected by fertilizer treatment. Mechanical weeding by digging the plants out from 5 cm below the ground is not a sufficient method of control for R. obtusifolius in infested fertile grasslands, even when applied eight times during three vegetation seasons.

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Clonal growth and fragment regeneration of Rumex obtusifolius L.

Cited by 44 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of an extended drought period on physiological properties of grassland species in the field

Effects of an extended drought period on physiological properties of grassland species in the field

Competitive advantage of Rumex obtusifolius L. might increase in intensively managed temperate grasslands under drier climate

Mechanical weeding of Rumex obtusifolius L. under different N, P and K availabilities in permanent grassland

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