Clonal Multidrug-Resistant Shigella dysenteriae Type 1 Strains Associated with Epidemic and Sporadic Dysenteries in Eastern India

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant strains of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 were implicated in three outbreaks and sporadic cases of dysentery in eastern India in 2002 and 2003. After a hiatus of 14 years, this pathogen reemerged with an altered antibiotic resistance pattern. In addition to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and nalidixic acid, all the recent strains were resistant to norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, and ofloxacin and showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified a new clone of S. dysenteriae type 1 that was associated with the recent outbreaks and sporadic cases. Based on the spatial and temporal spread of multidrug-resistant S. dysenteriae type 1, we predict that this clonal type may spread further in this region.

Avaliação da atividade antibacteriana e prospecção fitoquímica de Solanum paniculatum Lam. e Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D. F. Austin & Staples, do semi-árido paraibano

“…Apesar da grande div ersidade de antimicrobianos que agem sobre div ersos microrganismos patogênicos, estudos buscam pelo ideal, ou seja, aquele que apresenta maior espectro de ação, menor toxicidade, menor custo e menor indício de resistência bacteriana, haja vista que já existe resistência bacteriana a alguns produtos antimicrobianos (Nascimento et al, 2000;Pazhani et al, 2004). A atividade antimicrobiana desejada pode ser encontrada em espécies de plantas medicinais.…”

Structural and genetic evidence that the Escherichia coli O148 O antigen is the precursor of the Shigella dysenteriae type 1 O antigen and identification of a glucosyltransferase gene

“…It was responsible for large dysentery epidemics in Guatemala and other parts of Central America (MendizabalMorris et al, 1971), Bangladesh (Ronsmans et al, 1988), Zaire (Group, 1995), Kenya (Iijima et al, 1995), and recently West Africa (Guerin et al, 2003) and India (Pazhani et al, 2004). The O antigen of S. dysenteriae type 1 is essential for virulence, and there is indirect evidence that antibodies against the O antigen are protective (Passwell et al, 2001;Robbins et al, 1992;Taylor et al, 1993).…”

Building PulseNet International: An Interconnected System of Laboratory Networks to Facilitate Timely Public Health Recognition and Response to Foodborne Disease Outbreaks and Emerging Foodborne Diseases

“…This strain is resistant to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, and showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (Pazhani et al, 2004).…”