Closed circuit desalination series no-2: new affordable technology for sea water desalination of low energy and high flux using short modules without need of energy recovery

Efraty, A.; Barak, Ran Natanel; Gal, Zviel

doi:10.1080/19443994.2012.683141

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The design includes a feed pump to provide high pressure, a circulation pump to recycle concentrate back into the RO module and valves to enable brine replacement with fresh feed when the desalination reaches a desired recovery level. In order to operate the CCD-RO continuously, a new method has been developed using multiple modules and switching among them [30]. The principle of the new apparatus is the same as the one shown in Figure 11, to which a side water vessel is added that can be either engaged with or disengaged from the CCD process by means of several actuated valves.…”

Section: Closed Circuit Mode Ro Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Configurations for High-Recovery Inland Desalination Systems

Qiu

Davies

2012

Water

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Desalination of brackish groundwater (BW) is an effective approach to augment water supply, especially for inland regions that are far from seawater resources. Brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) desalination is still subject to intensive energy consumption compared to the theoretical minimum energy demand. Here, we review some of the BWRO plants with various system arrangements. We look at how to minimize energy demands, as these contribute considerably to the cost of desalinated water. Different configurations of BWRO system have been compared from the view point of normalized specific energy consumption (SEC). Analysis is made at theoretical limits. The SEC reduction of BWRO can be achieved by (i) increasing number of stages, (ii) using an energy recovery device (ERD), or (iii) operating the BWRO in batch mode or closed circuit mode. Application of more stages not only reduces SEC but also improves water recovery. However, this improvement is less pronounced when the number of stages exceeds four. Alternatively and more favourably, the BWRO system can be operated in Closed Circuit Desalination (CCD) mode and gives a comparative SEC to that of the 3-stage system with a recovery ratio of 80%. A further reduction of about 30% in SEC can be achieved through batch-RO operation. Moreover, the costly ERDs and booster pumps are avoided with both CCD and batch-RO, thus furthering the effectiveness of lowering the costs of these innovative approaches.

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Section: Closed Circuit Mode Ro Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principle of the new apparatus is the same as the one shown in Figure 11, to which a side water vessel is added that can be either engaged with or disengaged from the CCD process by means of several actuated valves. Detailed information about continuous CCD can be found elsewhere [30]. …”

Section: Closed Circuit Mode Ro Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Configurations for High-Recovery Inland Desalination Systems

Qiu

Davies

2012

Water

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“…The company claims a high recovery ratio of up to 98%, energy savings as well as less fouling and scaling. The main findings regarding the performance of CCRO were published in a series of papers exploring all aspects of this technology [5][6][7]. CCRO is now incorporated in different RO software such as ROSA [8], LewaPlus [9] and PROTON [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch Reverse Osmosis Desalination Modeling under a Time-Dependent Pressure Profile

et al. 2021

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As world demand for clean water increases, reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has emerged as an attractive solution. Continuous RO is the most used desalination technology today. However, a new generation of configurations, working in unsteady-state feed concentration and pressure, have gained more attention recently, including the batch RO process. Our work presents a mathematical modeling for batch RO that offers the possibility of monitoring all variables of the process, including specific energy consumption, as a function of time and the recovery ratio. Validation is achieved by comparison with data from the experimental set-up and an existing model in the literature. Energetic comparison with continuous RO processes confirms that batch RO can be more energy efficient than can continuous RO, especially at a higher recovery ratio. It used, at recovery, 31% less energy for seawater and 19% less energy for brackish water. Modeling also proves that the batch RO process does not have to function under constant flux to deliver good energetic performance. In fact, under a linear pressure profile, batch RO can still deliver better energetic performance than can a continuous configuration. The parameters analysis shows that salinity, pump and energy recovery devices efficiencies are directly linked to the energy demand. While increasing feed volume has a limited effect after a certain volume due to dilution, it also shows, interestingly, a recovery ratio interval in which feed volume does not affect specific energy consumption.

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