Cluster of Cases of Salmonella enterica Serotype Rissen Infection in a General Hospital, Italy, 2007

Abstract

In 2007, three strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Rissen (S. Rissen) were isolated in the laboratory of diagnostic microbiology of the General Hospital of Prato, Tuscany, Italy, over a 1 month and half interval of time. The first isolate was recovered on January 26 from an outpatient with enteritis. Then, two strains were isolated on February 16 and March 11 respectively, from central venous catheters of patients who were being hospitalized in two departments of the Hospital. An epidemiologically linked cluster of cases of salmonellosis was suspected. The three strains were submitted to single enzyme-amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP) and XbaI macrorestriction and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) that yielded undistinguishable profiles. Epidemiological investigations failed to identify a common source of infection within the Hospital. Moreover, the third patient had been exclusively total parenteral nutrition fed since his admission with a stomach cancer diagnosis. The first patient had a community-acquired infection, but the source of her illness was uncertain. Twenty-five further isolates identified in the years 2004-2007 in the same geographical area showed distinctly different PFGE and SE-AFLP patterns. The three patients seemed to represent a cluster of epidemiologically unrelated cases caused by a previously never recognized S. Rissen strain. Rapid subtyping of isolates is essential in the early investigation of potential outbreaks, but synthesis of conventional and molecular epidemiological investigation and availability of surveillance data is often critical to prevent the initiation of time-consuming, expensive and ineffective further investigations and control interventions.

Characterization of a P1-like bacteriophage carrying CTX-M-27 in Salmonella spp. resistant to third generation cephalosporins isolated from pork in China

“…S . Rissen was also recognised as a pathogen in outbreaks of human salmonellosis in Italy and USA2526. The prevalence of S .…”

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Rissen Clusters Detected in Azores Archipelago, Portugal

“…In Portugal, only 31 cases of human salmonellosis caused by S. enterica serovar Rissen were identified in a 12-year period (2000-2012) [9]. However, this is one of the most commonly reported serovars in pigs and pork, in several European and Asian countries [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. This serovar has also been isolated less frequently from other sources, namely, beef, chicken, and seafood [14,15,18,19].…”

A mycotic aneurysm related to Salmonella Rissen infection: a case report

“…An important aspect of the case is the history of the patient's foreign travel. In Europe, most Salmonella infections are caused by serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis, although recently an increased number of cases caused by serovar Rissen in Thailand, Cambodia, Denmark, Italy and Spain was reported, predominantly resulting from pork ingestion [9][10][11]. Recently, high prevalence of S. Rissen in chicken and pork meat at retail markets in Eastern Chinaa region close to Taiwan and Hong Kong, where the patient presumably acquired the infectionwas reported [12].…”