CNTF induces GFAP in a S-100α brain cell population: the pattern of CNTF-αR suggests an indirect mode of action

Kahn, M.A.; Ellison, Julie A.; Chang, Ruth; Speight, Graham; Vellis, Jean de

doi:10.1016/s0165-3806(96)00180-0

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This effect is consistent with the known action of these cytokines, and supports the view that LIF and CNTF are in vivo differentiation factors affecting glial gene expression. In fact, LIF is required for astroglial differentiation, since neural precursors derived from brain of mice lacking the gene for LIFß receptor fail to generate GFAP-positive astrocytes in vitro [Koblar et al, 1998] and CNTF increases GFAP content in S100·-immunoreactive glial progenitors [Kahn et al, 1997]. Furthermore, LIF seems to be involved in positively modulating the proportion of GFAP-positive cells in cultures of murine embryonic spinal cord [Richards et al, 1996] and in rat hippocampal stem cells [Johe et al, 1996].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Neuronal Differentiation in Human CNS Stem Cell Progeny by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

et al. 2000

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The generation of diverse types of neural cells during development occurs through the progressive restriction of the fate potential of neuroepithelial progenitor cells. This process is controlled by factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the cell. While the effect of extrinsic cues on multipotent stem cells of the murine central nervous system (CNS) is becoming clearer, little is known of neural stem cells of human origin. We sought to establish the roles played by two cytokines, leukemia inhibitory (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and by nerve growth factor (NGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in regulating neuronal and astroglial differentiation in cultured embryonic diencephalic human stem cells. While NGF did not influence either neuronal or glial formation, PDGF surprisingly decreased the percentage of stem cell-generated neurons, an effect opposite to that observed in murine progenitors. Furthermore, while we confirmed the known ability of LIF and CNTF to support astroglial differentiation, we also observed that, in contrast with their murine counterparts, the fraction of CNS stem cell-generated neurons in human cultures was enhanced twofold in the presence of both cytokines. These findings highlight important differences between humans and rodents in regard to the way epigenetic cues regulate the function of neural stem cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Neuronal Differentiation in Human CNS Stem Cell Progeny by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

et al. 2000

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“…Intracerebral injections of CNTF into glial cells in vivo evoke a strong astrogliotic response with increases in GFAP content (44). GFAP-positive cells colocalize with immature astrocytes and not with oligodendrocyte cell specific markers, suggesting that CNTF upregulates GFAP mRNA in a preexisting immature astrocyte cell population.…”

Section: Ciliary Neurotrophic Factormentioning

confidence: 94%

“…GFAP-positive cells colocalize with immature astrocytes and not with oligodendrocyte cell specific markers, suggesting that CNTF upregulates GFAP mRNA in a preexisting immature astrocyte cell population. Seven putative and novel CNTF responsive elements have been identified within the proximal and distal elements of the GFAP gene promoter (43,44). Furthermore, Clatterbuck et al (45) reported that in vivo CNTF increases GFAP expression and induces concomitant morphological changes in CNS astrocytes by a direct action of CNTF on the GFAP gene promoter.…”

Section: Ciliary Neurotrophic Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP): modulation by growth factors and its implication in astrocyte differentiation

Gomes

Paulin

Moura‐Neto³

1999

Braz J Med Biol Res

166

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Intermediate filament (IF) proteins constitute an extremely large multigene family of developmentally and tissue-regulated cytoskeleton proteins abundant in most vertebrate cell types. Astrocyte precursors of the CNS usually express vimentin as the major IF. Astrocyte maturation is followed by a switch between vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, with the latter being recognized as an astrocyte maturation marker. Levels of GFAP are regulated under developmental and pathological conditions. Upregulation of GFAP expression is one of the main characteristics of the astrocytic reaction commonly observed after CNS lesion. In this way, studies on GFAP regulation have been shown to be useful to understand not only brain physiology but also neurological disease. Modulators of GFAP expression include several hormones such as thyroid hormone, glucocorticoids and several growth factors such as FGF, CNTF and TGFß, among others. Studies of the GFAP gene have already identified several putative growth factor binding domains in its promoter region. Data obtained from transgenic and knockout mice have provided new insights into IF protein functions. This review highlights the most recent studies on the regulation of IF function by growth factors and hormones.

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“…In situ hybridization was performed as described in the method of Kahn et al (1997). In brief, tissue sections were warmed on a hot plate (37 o C) for 1-2 h. Subsequently, tissue sections as well as immunostained tissues were prehybridized at 65 o C for 1.5 h with a solution containing 50% formamide and 50% hybridization buffer (4X SET, 1X denhardt, 0.2% SDS, 100mT DTT, 25 µg/ml each of tRNA, poly A, and poly C, 1 unit/(l Rnasin), and then hybridized overnight at 65 o C with 0.25 ng/µl of 35 S-labeled Id1-3 antisense or sense strands.…”

Section: In Situ Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Id1, Id2, and Id3 gene expression in neural cells during development

Tzeng

Vellis

1998

Glia

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CNTF induces GFAP in a S-100α brain cell population: the pattern of CNTF-αR suggests an indirect mode of action

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Regulation of Neuronal Differentiation in Human CNS Stem Cell Progeny by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

Regulation of Neuronal Differentiation in Human CNS Stem Cell Progeny by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP): modulation by growth factors and its implication in astrocyte differentiation

Id1, Id2, and Id3 gene expression in neural cells during development

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