Coagulation disorders in cancer.I. Clinical and laboratory studies

Abstract

A comprehensive study of the hemostatic and coagulation mechanisms in 50 patients with disseminated malignancy was carried out. Significant laboratory abnormalities were found in the majority of patients. The most common pattern was the “hypercoagulable state.” This included short bleeding time, decreased silicone coagulation time and partial thromboplastin time, increased tolerance to heparin, marked elevation of plasma levels of factors I, II, V, VIII, IX and XI and acceleration of thromboplastin generation. There was elevation of platelet counts, except in patients receiving chemotherapeutic drugs. Seven patients had prolonged prothrombin time due to depression of vitamin‐K‐dependent clotting factors. Fibrinolysis was detected in six patients by immunologic and other techniques. The data suggest that patients with cancer have an alteration in the hemostatic level of control with increased levels of both clotting factors and their inhibitors, resulting in a more easily disturbed balance between opposing hemostatic forces. Clinical thrombosis or bleeding may follow.

Thromboembolic Complications in Myelomatosis

“…In some types of carcinoma, especially carcinoma of the pancreas, the incidence is very high. Different histological types of pancreatic carcinoma h.owever, are associated with pronounced differences in the incidence of multiple thrombi (Lafler and Hinerman, 1961 has been suggested that the same abnormalities which lead to an increased incidence of thrombosis in other types of disseminated malignant disease might be present in myelomatosis also (Miller et al, 1967). Sanchez-Avalos et al (1969) suggested that the release of small amounts of thromboplastic material by the tumour cells may result in accelerated consumption of some coagulation factors and, in consequence, a compensatory overproduction.…”

“…Malignant diseases, especially carcinoma, predispose to thrombosis (Lieberman et al, 1961;Miller et al, 1967;Wiernik and Serpick, 1969). In some types of carcinoma, especially carcinoma of the pancreas, the incidence is very high.…”

Integrated laboratory coagulation tests in hypercoagulation diagnosis and thrombosis risk assessment. Part II. The sensitivity of integral tests to hypercoagulable states

“…Укорочение времени сверты-вания наблюдается редко и часто объясняется ошиб-ками на преаналитическом этапе (который в целом имеет большое значение в диагностике гиперкоагуля-ции, так как очень легко вызвать гиперкоагуляцию недостаточно аккуратным обращением с цельной кро-вью). Хотя в единичных работах 1970-90-х годов встречается упоминание об укорочении ПВ в состоя-ниях с повышенным риском тромбоза [4,5], в насто-ящее время применение ПВ (в стандартизированном варианте -МНО) в отношении к тромбозу обычно ограничивается оценкой эффективности дозы антаго-нистов витамина К [6].…”

Platelet indices in patients with colorectal cancer

“…In cancer patients, platelet activation and thromboembolic events frequently occur [1][2][3]. Thrombocytosis is also observed in patients with cancer including colorectal cancer and elevated platelet count is associated with poor survival [4][5][6].…”