Cobalt phthalocyanine as a mediator for the electrooxidation of glucose oxidase at glucose electrodes

Model‐based optimization of a conductive matrix enzyme electrode

“…(3) Enzyme is distributed homogeneously inside the active membrane; this is reasonable considering that thorough mixing procedures are used after stepwise addition of each constituent in the electrode tip suspension. (4) Electron mediator is in excess and homogeneously distributed, which is consistent with assumptions made in earlier work by Rosen-Margalit et al (1993), Buchholz and Goedelmann (1978), and Tse and Gough (1987), where excessive mediator was used to prevent the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and prolong electrode life. (5) Enzyme and mediator are dispersed into inert conductive carbon particles such as graphite, as described by Bartlett and Whitaker (1987).…”

“…It has been reported (Buchholz and Goedelmann, 1978;Rosen-Margalit et al, 1993;Tse and Gough, 1987) that oxidase will be denatured by H 2 O 2 generated by an enzymatic reaction. However, when a high concentration of electron transfer mediator is immobilized inside an active membrane, the level of hydrogen peroxide will be reduced as a result of competition for electrons derived from the redox enzyme reaction.…”

“…For example, by immobilizing an oxidoreductase together with an electron transfer mediator on a carbon particle matrix and applying such a mixture onto a conductive electrode, an active membrane is formed where the concentration of a specific chemical reagent can be measured by amperometric means (Rosen-Margalit et al, 1993). Such conductive matrix enzyme electrodes have several advantages in that they:…”

A novel glucose biosensor based on the nanoscaled cobalt phthalocyanine–glucose oxidase biocomposite

“…These results demonstrate NanoCoPc is very efficient for retaining the activity of GOD. Good long-term stability is attributed to phthalocyanine biocompatibility with enzyme (Rosen-Margalit et al, 1993).…”

“…Much more highly catalytic property combined with low raw material cost and biocompatibility with enzyme, make them a strong candidate for the development of novel biosensor devices, such as glucose (Rosen-Margalit et al, 1993;Gilmartin et al, 1995;Mizutani et al, 1995), ethanol (Boujtita et al, 2000), pesticides (Ciucu et al, 2003), uric acid , cholesterol , and lactate (Iwuoh et al, 1999), etc. In these devices, phthalocyanine acted as an electrocatalyst for the oxidation of H 2 O 2 produced by the oxidase reactions.…”