Codeswitching and ethnicity: grammatical types of codeswitching in the Afrikaans speech community

Stell, Gerald

doi:10.1515/ijsl.2009.037

Cited by 5 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Our study has revealed a range of similarities and contrasts in forms of AfrikaansEnglish CS across the coloured-white divide, observable both at the group level and at the individual level, which we describe in detail in Stell (2011). The comparability of CS across the coloured-white divide lies mainly in the fact that that the frequency of insertions (as in 4), alternations (as in 5) and congruent lexicalization as illustrated by nonconstituents (6) is increasing across generations of both coloured and white samples, while Afrikaans remains the dominant matrix language in all samples.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cs Patterns In the Afrikaans Speech Communitymentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The grammatical analysis comprises two quantitative stages, which are described in detail in Stell (2011). The first stage of the quantitative analysis is univariate, whereby the percentage frequency distribution of individual variables is calculated.…”

Section: Figure 1 Location Of Samples In Relation To Established Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of Afrikaans-English CS comprises three stages, which are described in detail in Stell (2011). The first stage consists of a systematic comparison between structural Afrikaans-English CS patterns according to the distinctions made by Muysken (2000) between insertional CS, alternational CS and congruent lexicalization.…”

Section: Figure 1 Location Of Samples In Relation To Established Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparability of the Black-White Divide in the American Speech Community and the Coloured-White Divide in the Afrikaans Speech Community

Stell

2012

American Speech

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This article attempts to place the discussion on the relationship between African American and European American vernacular Englishes within a broader context involving another speech community split along ethnic lines, namely South Africa's Afrikaans speakers. It specifically attempts to compare observations on the coloured-white linguistic divide within South Africa's Afrikaans speech community with those made on the black-white linguistic divide in the Uni ted States, wi th the aim of shedding light on the correl ati on between ethnicity and language variation. The article first presents ethnicity and its social and linguistic correlates, drawing on literature on AA(V)E and South Africa. It then identifies the social and linguistic specificities of the American English and Afrikaans speech communities. After presenting a range of grammatical variables and their comparability across both speech communities, it provides an overview first of the various trends of grammatical variation from a mainly variationist perspective, then of Afrikaans-English code-switching, which is treated as a phenomenon that correlates with grammatical variation. It finally attempts to answer the general question whether the U.S. black-white linguistic divide in South Africa's Afrikaans speech community can be referred to as complementary in the study of ethnicity and language variation.

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Section: Analysis Of Cs Patterns In the Afrikaans Speech Communitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Figure 1 Location Of Samples In Relation To Established Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1 Location Of Samples In Relation To Established Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparability of the Black-White Divide in the American Speech Community and the Coloured-White Divide in the Afrikaans Speech Community

Stell

2012

American Speech

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“…This can be illustrated by Afrikaans‐English CS in the in‐group usage of South Africa's Coloured and White Afrikaans‐speaking communities. Coloured Afrikaans‐speakers – among whom there are signs of language shift to English – tend more towards congruent lexicalization than White Afrikaans‐speakers, historically exposed to stronger Afrikaans‐oriented puristic pressure (McCormick ; Stell ). Congruent lexicalization is loosely related to the conversational type of CS to which Auer () refers as ‘language‐mixing’, that is, a type of likewise highly frequent CS whereby switching points tend not to possess any individual pragmatic salience, and as such to form part of a general bilingual speaking style .…”

Section: Varieties Of English In the Outer Circlementioning

confidence: 99%

Uses and functions of English in Namibia's multiethnic settings

Stell

2014

World Englishes

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In a context where new English varieties from the Outer Circle have been receiving increasing attention, I propose to outline a descriptive approach to their uses and functions on the basis of their patterns of co-occurrence with local languages across intra and inter-ethnic boundaries. The case study I offer is Namibia, a multiethnic and multilingual African country where English has been the sole official language since 1990 without having had much local history prior to that date. The general question that I pose is to what extent and how English is used in informal interactions in Namibia. Considering Namibia's ethnolinguistic diversity as well as the locally widespread practice of code-switching, the questions I more specifically ask are: What are the patterns of code-switching with which English finds itself associated both within and across Namibia's inter-ethnic boundaries, and how can they be characterized in terms of social function? On the basis of a corpus of intra-and inter-ethnic interactions involving a range of Namibian ethnicities, I show evidence of a continuum of linguistic usage ranging from different patterns of code-switching involving English and local languages to more or less monolingual English varieties. I finally place that evidence within the perspective of new Englishes theory, emphasizing the possible relevance of code-switching patterns to the emergence of indigenized English varieties in general, and of an indigenized Namibian variety in particular. * F.W.O./V.

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“…Despite the fact that extensive research has been done on CS, in general, and on Afrikaans-SAE CS, specifically (cf., amongst others, Lawrence 1999; Finlayson and Slabbert 1997;van Gass 2002;Rose and van Dulm 2006;van Dulm 2002van Dulm , 2007Stell 2009Stell , 2010 limited research has been done on the interactional function of CS between Afrikaans and SAE in child bilingual speech. The lack of research examining Afrikaans-English bilingual children and their specific language choices as they occur in spontaneous conversation therefore provided sufficient motivation for the study reported on here.…”

Section: Background and Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing Afrikaans-English bilingual children’s conversational code switching

Nel

Huddlestone

2013

Stellenbosch pap. linguist.

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It has been observed that children mix languages more often if they have been exposed to mixed speech, especially if they are in bilingual company. Very little research, however, exists on the code switching (CS) of children brought up in multilingual contexts. The study discussed in this paper investigates the grammatical and socio-pragmatic characteristics of the conversational CS of three Afrikaans-English bilingual children and aims to contribute towards a better understanding of child CS. The study was conducted through the analysis of spontaneous conversational CS elicited during multiple play sessions. Data were analysed within the frameworks of the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) model and Conversation Analysis (CA). The study accounts for the different types of CS that occur, and examines which grammatical and/or socio-pragmatic difficulties may drive children to use specific types of CS, while also considering whether the context of an utterance has an influence on how and why CS takes place.

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Codeswitching and ethnicity: grammatical types of codeswitching in the Afrikaans speech community

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Comparability of the Black-White Divide in the American Speech Community and the Coloured-White Divide in the Afrikaans Speech Community

Comparability of the Black-White Divide in the American Speech Community and the Coloured-White Divide in the Afrikaans Speech Community

Uses and functions of English in Namibia's multiethnic settings

Analysing Afrikaans-English bilingual children’s conversational code switching

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