Coexistence between Cyclical Parthenogens, Obligate Parthenogens, and Intermediates in a Fluctuating Environment

Rispe, Claude; Pierre, Jean‐Sébastien

doi:10.1006/jtbi.1998.0784

Cited by 75 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…Information on the diapause ability and ecological tolerance of eggs produced by females from these two families is not readily available (ie Forneck et al, 2001;Granett et al, 2001;Salom et al, 2001). Still, compared to their viviparous relatives, it is less likely that developmental constraints restrict the evolution of a coldresistant parthenogenetic egg (Rispe and Pierre, 1998;Simon et al, 2002). Possible overwintering asexually produced eggs have been observed on the stems of grapevines in a leaf feeding population of grape phylloxera in Arizona (Kimberling and Price, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much evidence indicates that the major advantage to sex in aphids, at least in the short term, is ecological; the sexually produced eggs have the ability to withstand cold winter conditions, whereas overwintering parthenogenetic instars are susceptible to cold conditions (reviewed in Simon et al, 2002). Sexual reproduction is therefore predicated to be the major life cycle strategy in cooler climates with obligate parthenogenetic lineages more common in warmer climates (Rispe and Pierre, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine-scale genetic structure of grape phylloxera from the roots and leaves of Vitis

Corrie

Hoffmann

2003

Heredity

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Patterns of variation at microsatellite loci suggest that root populations of the pest grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) are largely parthenogenetic in Australian vineyards. To investigate reproduction in leaf galling phylloxera and the association between these individuals and phylloxera on roots, we examined in detail genetic variation in phylloxera from a vineyard block. Some genotypes found on leaf galls within this block were not present on roots, whereas others spanned both zones. There was no evidence that genotypes on roots were the product of sexual reproduction in leaf galls. mtDNA variation was not associated with the location of the phylloxera clones. The spatial distribution of genotypes within a root population was further investigated by intensively sampling phylloxera from another vineyard block. Joincount spatial autocorrelation statistics were used to explore fine-scale spatial structure. Clones were nonrandomly distributed within the block and there was evidence that the distribution of clones followed rows. These findings suggest firstly that there is limited dispersal of root and leaf feeding phylloxera, and secondly that factors, other than vine host, are likely to be important and contribute to clonal structure within populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-scale genetic structure of grape phylloxera from the roots and leaves of Vitis

Corrie

Hoffmann

2003

Heredity

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“…The production of eggs by cyclically parthenogenetic aphids may constitute a selective advantage in cold regions where peach trees are available, as eggs are the only forms that can resist frost, whereas it may be more costly in mild regions compared to obligate parthenogenesis. This hypothesis was subsequently formalised (Rispe et al 1998b;Rispe and Pierre, 1998) and has been validated in other aphid species such as the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) (Dedryver et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spatial and temporal genetic variability in French populations of the peach–potato aphid, Myzus persicae

Guillemaud

Mieuzet²,

Simon³

2003

Heredity

110

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The peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), has a complex reproductive mode in which some lineages reproduce by continuous parthenogenesis, whereas others reproduce sexually once a year. The climate is thought to act directly on the reproductive mode, because sexual eggs are the only form that can resist frost in cold regions. Sexual reproduction necessitates an obligatory host alternation that may result in long-distance dispersal. Here, we examined the genetic variability at seven microsatellite loci of populations of M. persicae in France, where both reproductive modes occur. We provide clear genetic evidence that the breeding system affects genotypic variability, as cyclically parthenogenetic aphids are far more variable than their obligately parthenogenetic counterparts. A temporal decrease in genetic variability and a temporal genetic differentiation effect suggest the existence of selective factors that play an important role in shaping the genetic structure of M. persicae populations. Lastly, differences in the population structure between reproductive modes suggest that the migration associated with the change of host during sexual reproduction lowers the level of population differentiation.

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“…The distribution of clones differing in their life cycles is probably maintained by powerful selective forces that prevent homogenization of the reproductive modes of different populations. These forces are predominantly ecological, mainly regional differences in winter severity (Dedryver et al., 2001; Duan et al., 2016; Halkett et al., 2004; Rispe & Pierre, 1998; Rispe, Pierre, Simon, & Gouyon, 1998; Simon et al., 1999). According to the model of Rispe et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports showed that holocyclic aphid clones maintained over the long term at a low temperature and short photoperiod could produce sexual generation (Dedryver et al., 2001; Rispe & Pierre, 1998; Rispe et al., 1998; Simon et al., 1999). By contrast, in this study, anholocyclic clones exposed to long‐term inducing conditions could not produce males or oviparae, and the aphid offspring had a shorter adult lifespan, shorter total longevity, and reduced fecundity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of holocyclic and anholocyclic Rhopalosiphum padi populations to low‐temperature and short‐photoperiod induction

Peng

Qiao

Chen

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The different life cycles of aphid species make these organisms good models for studying the short‐term consequences of sex. The bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi has a wide geographic distribution and correspondingly different life cycles. In this study, the life cycles of R. padi collected from six different regions in China were characterized experimentally by comparing the responses of holocyclic and anholocyclic populations to low‐temperature and short‐photoperiod induction. Clones collected from Chuzhou, Taian, and Taigu consistently reproduced via obligate parthenogenesis, whereas clones from Hami and Baicheng were holocyclic in their response, and those from Lanzhou were both holocyclic and anholocyclic. Prolonged exposure to low temperature and a short photoperiod (LS) had negative effects on the offspring of anholocyclic aphids with regard to adult lifespan, total longevity, and fecundity compared with aphids maintained at a normal temperature and a long photoperiod (NL). Holocyclic LS R. padi had longer developmental times at all nymph stages, a shorter adult lifespan, shorter total longevity, and a lower fecundity than NL counterparts. The adult prereproduction period of gynoparae was significantly longer than that of virginoparae, and the total longevity of gynoparae was significantly shorter than that of virginoparae. Moreover, the net reproductive and gross reproduction rates, as well as the total fecundity, were roughly fivefold higher in virginoparae than in gynoparae, indicating that there is the short‐term cost of sex. When maintained on their secondary host (Triticum aestivum), gynoparae, males, and oviparae produced by holocyclic populations could survive, and gynoparae produced oviparae. However, under NL conditions, oviparae could not produce overwintering eggs on the secondary host, whereas a few overwintering eggs were generated by oviparae under LS conditions. Taken together, these results illuminate the complexity of insect responses and contribute to a complete understanding of the aphid life cycle and its evolution.

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Coexistence between Cyclical Parthenogens, Obligate Parthenogens, and Intermediates in a Fluctuating Environment

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Fine-scale genetic structure of grape phylloxera from the roots and leaves of Vitis

Fine-scale genetic structure of grape phylloxera from the roots and leaves of Vitis

Spatial and temporal genetic variability in French populations of the peach–potato aphid, Myzus persicae

Responses of holocyclic and anholocyclic Rhopalosiphum padi populations to low‐temperature and short‐photoperiod induction

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