Cognitive and emotional impairments after cutaneous intoxication by CEES (a sulfur mustard analog) in mice

Gros-Désormeaux, Fanny; Béracochéa, Daniel; Dorandeu, Frédéric; Piérard, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.889

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Because handling of SM is strictly regulated and banned from most toxicology laboratories by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), other experimental works involved the analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES). Neurological effects of CEES confirmed those found for SM in vivo (Gadsden-Gray et al, 2012;Gros-Desormeaux et al, 2018;Sharma et al, 2009). One specific feature of SM and CEES is their ability to induce neuropathological disorders and brain damage after dermal exposure on small skin areas.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The first is a response to the exposure stress while the second is a diffusion of SM and CEES through the exposed skin followed by direct and indirect diffusion to the brain with resulting local effects. Thus, our group carried out an in vivo study on hairless SKH-1 mice topically exposed to CEES, the SM analog used in the present study, in order to clarify the origin of the behavioral effects observed in humans (Gros-Desormeaux et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, we reported that acute dermal exposure to CEES induced a significant increase in anxiety-like reactivity and an alteration of working memory (Gros-Desormeaux et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Evidence for the systemic diffusion of (2-chloroethyl)-ethyl-sulfide, a sulfur mustard analog, and its deleterious effects in brain

Gilardoni

Léonço

Caffin³

et al. 2021

Toxicology

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Sulfur mustard, a chemical warfare agent known to be a vesicant of skin, readily diffuses in the blood stream and reaches internal organs. In the present study, we used the analog (2chloroethyl)-ethyl-sulfide (CEES) to provide novel data on the systemic diffusion of vesicants and on their ability to induce brain damage, which result in neurological disorders. SKH-1 hairless mice were topically exposed to CEES and sacrificed at different time until 14 days after exposure. A plasma metabolomics study showed a strong systemic impact following a self-protection mechanism to alleviate the injury of CEES exposure. This result was confirmed by the quantification of specific biomarkers in plasma. Those were the conjugates of CEES with glutathione (GSH-CEES), cysteine (Cys-CEES) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC-CEES), as well as the guanine adduct (N7Gua-CEES). In brain, N7Gua-CEES could be detected both in DNA and in organ extracts. Similarly, GSH-CEES, Cys-CEES and NAC-CEES were present in the extracts until day14. Altogether, these results, based on novel exposure markers, confirm the ability of vesicants to induce internal damage following dermal exposure. The observation of alkylation damage to glutathione and DNA in brain provides an additional mechanism to the neurological insult of SM.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for the systemic diffusion of (2-chloroethyl)-ethyl-sulfide, a sulfur mustard analog, and its deleterious effects in brain

Gilardoni

Léonço

Caffin³

et al. 2021

Toxicology

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“…The first clinical manifestations are preceded by an asymptomatic latency period of several hours (2–24 h), depending on the dose, duration, and size of the contaminated area. In addition to the skin, eyes, and lungs, internal organs such as the respiratory tract, reproductive system, central nervous system [ 15 ], bone marrow, and gastrointestinal tract [ 6 , 16 ] may be injured. These effects can also be associated with immunological imbalances [ 7 ].…”

Section: Symptomatology Of Sulfur Mustard Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Hydrogel Dressings in Sulfur Mustard-Induced Skin and Ocular Wound Management

Caffin¹,

Boccara

Piérard³

2023

Biomedicines

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Over one century after its first military use on the battlefield, sulfur mustard (SM) remains a threatening agent. Due to the absence of an antidote and specific treatment, the management of SM-induced lesions, particularly on the skin and eyes, still represents a challenge. Current therapeutic management is mainly limited to symptomatic and supportive care, pain relief, and prevention of infectious complications. New strategies are needed to accelerate healing and optimize the repair of the function and appearance of damaged tissues. Hydrogels have been shown to be suitable for healing severe burn wounds. Because the same gravity of lesions is observed in SM victims, hydrogels could be relevant dressings to improve wound healing of SM-induced skin and ocular injuries. In this article, we review how hydrogel dressings may be beneficial for improving the wound healing of SM-induced injuries, with special emphasis placed on their suitability as drug delivery devices on SM-induced skin and ocular lesions.

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Sulphur mustard induces progressive toxicity and demyelination in brain cell aggregate culture

et al. 2021

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Cognitive and emotional impairments after cutaneous intoxication by CEES (a sulfur mustard analog) in mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Evidence for the systemic diffusion of (2-chloroethyl)-ethyl-sulfide, a sulfur mustard analog, and its deleterious effects in brain

Evidence for the systemic diffusion of (2-chloroethyl)-ethyl-sulfide, a sulfur mustard analog, and its deleterious effects in brain

The Use of Hydrogel Dressings in Sulfur Mustard-Induced Skin and Ocular Wound Management

Sulphur mustard induces progressive toxicity and demyelination in brain cell aggregate culture

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