Coherent control of a hybrid superconducting circuit made with graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures

Wang, Joel I-Jan; Rodan-Legrain, Daniel; Bretheau, Landry; Campbell, Daniel; Kannan, Bharath; Kim, David; Kjærgaard, Morten; Krantz, Philip; Samach, Gabriel; Yan, Fei; Yoder, Jonilyn; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Orlando, Terry P.; Gustavsson, Simon; Jarillo‐Herrero, Pablo; Oliver, William

doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0329-2

Cited by 165 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Scanning-probe versions of superconducting cavities (FIG. 6d) could be used to probe valley physics in silicon [153][154][155][156] and perhaps be of much broader use in investigations of two-dimensional quantum materials 157 .…”

Section: Outlook/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductor–semiconductor hybrid-circuit quantum electrodynamics

et al. 2020

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| Light-matter interactions at the single particle level have generally been explored in the context of atomic, molecular, and optical physics. Recent advances motivated by quantum information science have made it possible to explore coherent interactions between photons trapped in superconducting cavities and superconducting qubits. Spins in semiconductors can have exceptionally long spin coherence times and can be isolated in silicon, the workhorse material of the semiconductor microelectronic industry. Here, we review recent advances in hybrid "super-semi" quantum systems that coherently couple superconducting cavities to semiconductor quantum dots. We first present an overview of the underlying physics that governs the behavior of superconducting cavities, semiconductor quantum dots, and their modes of interaction. We then survey experimental progress in the field, focusing on recent demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics in the strong coupling regime with a single charge and a single spin. Finally, we broadly discuss promising avenues of future research. Figure 5 | Strong spin-photon coupling. a | Top left panel: SEM image of a Si/SiGe DQD used to achieve spin-photon coupling. The orange dashed lines represent the locations of a pair of Co micromagnets fabricated on top of the DQD. Top right panel shows a cross-sectional view of the device. The application of an external magnetic field ext z B polarizes the micromagnets and creates an inhomogeneous magnetic field having a component M z B parallel to ext z B and a component M x B orthogonal to ext z B . M x B changes sign between the two dots, assuming a value of M ,L x B for the left dot and M ,R x B for the right dot. As a result, the quantization axis of an electron's spin (red arrows) is dependent on the electron's position. b | Energy level diagram of a single electron trapped in a DQD in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field as a function of the DQD detuning energy ε. Here ↑ and ↓ denote the Zeeman-split spin-states of the electron, L (R) denotes the single-dot orbital state of the left (right) dot and -(+) denotes the molecular bonding (anti-bonding) state formed by the hybridization of the L and R states. c | Left panel: Cavity transmission amplitude A/A0 as a function of f and ext z B . Vacuum Rabi splitting with a frequency 2gs/2π = 11.0 MHz is observed at ext 92.2 z B = mT. Right panel: Increasing the detuning to ε = 40 µeV greatly reduces the vacuum Rabi splitting, allowing for electrical control of the spin-photon coupling rate. d | Strong spin-photon coupling using a high impedance NbTiN nanowire resonator. The cavity transmission coefficient |S21| is plotted as a function of f and ext z B . Inset: Scanning electron microscope image of a portion of the NbTiN nanowire resonator. Panels a, b and c are adapted from REF. 36 , Macmillan Publishers Limited. Panel d is adapted with permission from REF. 37 , AAAS.

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Section: Outlook/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductor–semiconductor hybrid-circuit quantum electrodynamics

et al. 2020

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“…The development of van der Waals heterostructures designed from two-dimensional materials [23][24][25] in addition to the recent progresses in sample fabrication 26,27 , dramatically improved both charge carrier mobility and contact transparency in graphene-based electrical devices. As a consequence, the study of proximity induced superconductivity regained interest with the possibilities to measure large supercurrents and ballistic interferences [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] . However, most of the studies related to Andreev processes in this system usually consist of probing the dissipationless current and multiple Andreev reflection in graphene connected to two superconducting contacts, while Andreev bound states in graphene have been detected by tunnelling spectroscopy experiments 42 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Andreev reflection in ballistic normal metal/graphene/superconductor junctions

et al. 2019

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We report the study of ballistic transport in normal metal/graphene/superconductor junctions in edge-contact geometry. While in the normal state, we have observed Fabry-Pérot resonances suggesting that charge carriers travel ballistically, the superconducting state shows that the Andreev reflection at the graphene/superconductor interface is affected by these interferences. Our experimental results in the superconducting state have been analyzed and explained with a modified Octavio-Tinkham-Blonder-Klapwijk model taking into account the magnetic pair-breaking effects and the two different interface transparencies, i.e. between the normal metal and graphene, and between graphene and the superconductor. We show that the transparency of the normal metal/graphene interface strongly varies with doping at large scale, while it undergoes weaker changes at the graphene/superconductor interface. When a cavity is formed by the charge transfer occurring in the vicinity of the contacts, we see that the transmission probabilities follow the normal state conductance highlighting the interplay between the Andreev processes and the electronic interferometer.

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“…[20][21][22] And for graphene metasurface, novel optical properties are dynamically tunable by changing the Fermi energy through voltage control or the changing intrinsic relaxation time through chemical doping. [23][24][25][26] Compared with metallic surface plasmons, graphene surface plasmons have the advantages of low loss, and high localization. 27 Thus, graphene will revolutionize metamaterials and metadevices, and promote the development of nano-optics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%