Coiled flow inverter as a novel alternative for the intensification of a liquid-liquid reaction

López-Guajardo, Enrique A.; Ortiz-Nadal, Enrique; Montesinos‐Castellanos, Alejandro; Nigam, K.D.P.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2017.01.016

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This leads in most cases to a slow improvement of flow mixing in later turns, since the fluid is trapped in the two vortices. This can be avoided by inverting the flow direction in the coil, which induces a new developing vortex pair, that causes a significant increase in mixing, heat and mass transfer (Khot et al 2019;López-Guajardo et al 2017;Saxena and Nigam 1984). This flow inversion can be provided by the use of a coiled flow inverter (CFI), which reverts the flow by 90° and a novel geometry, called coiled flow reverser (CFR) (Mansour et al 2020c), which leads to a 180° flow reversion.…”

Section: Choice Of Flow Conditions and Helix Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing characterization in different helically coiled configurations by laser-induced fluorescence

et al. 2020

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Flow Mixing of two miscible liquids has been characterized experimentally in three different helically coiled reactor configurations of two different lengths in the laminar flow regime at Re = 50…1000. A straight helical coil, a coiled flow inverter, and a new coiled flow reverser have been built, each in a 3-turn and a 6-turn configuration. Laser-induced fluorescence of resorufin has been used to visualize and quantify mixing in cross-sections throughout the reactors. A mixing coefficient is derived from the fluorescence images to allow for a quantitative measure and comparison of the six configurations. It becomes obvious from these experimental results, that an early flow redirection in the helical configuration is beneficial to mixing. The 3-turn reactors achieve nearly the same mixing coefficients as the 6-turn reactors with the double length. This can be explained by the stabilizing effect of the Dean vortices in the helix, which develop during the first two turns. After that, the liquid is trapped inside the vortices and further mixing is inhibited. Accordingly, the coiled flow inverter and coiled flow reverser configurations lead to much higher mixing coefficients than the straight helical coil. The results of these measurements are now used for validation of numerical simulations, which reproduce the geometrical and flow conditions of the experiments. Some exemplary results of these calculations are also shown in this article. Graphic abstract Mass fractions of tracer fluid at Re = 500 in the six examined helix configurations.

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Section: Choice Of Flow Conditions and Helix Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing characterization in different helically coiled configurations by laser-induced fluorescence

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, the CFI provided a compact way of coiling the reactor, having the potential to enhance the mixing between the liquid phases [24]. Thus, the reaction could be precisely controlled as each segment could be regarded as an individual reactor and nearly identical reaction conditions (flow pattern with average aqueous droplet length ~ 2.5 mm and heptane slug length ~4.5 mm (see Figure S3).…”

Section: Adaptation Of the Synthetic Process From Batch To Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid synthesis of [Au25(Cys)18] nanoclusters via carbon monoxide in microfluidic liquid-liquid segmented flow system and their antimicrobial performance

Huang

Hwang

et al. 2020

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Atomically precise thiolate-gold nanoclusters with well-defined structures attract attention for use in various applications. However, most of the recently reported synthetic methods rely on prolonged synthesis times (a few hours to days) in order to produce high purity products with a single cluster size. Such extended synthesis times make these processes ill-suited for adaptation to industrial scale production with continuous flow. In this work, an improved method for the synthesis of thiolated Au25 nanoclusters is presented utilising a continuous flow microfluidic system and CO-mediated reduction. The optimised system based on a coiled flow inverter with inner diameter of 1 mm operating at 80 °C and 500 kPa took only 3 min for the synthesis of atomically precise cysteine-capped [Au25(Cys)18] nanoclusters, as characterised by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The productivity of the system was increased by using higher reactant concenctrations which led to a throughput of 0.9 gAu per day, without changing the reaction time or affecting the product purity. The Au nanoclusters were used as photobactericidal enhancement materials. In antimicrobial testing against S. aureus, encapsulation of the Au nanoclusters into crystal violet impregnated silicone showed high photobactericidal activity (~1.7 log reduction in viable bacteria) upon 6 h illumination of white light at ~ 312 lux, while crystal violet did not show significant photobactericidal activity on its own.

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“…For perfectly mixed reactions, one CSTR can be implemented for reactions with a specific network or a cascade of CSTRs to handle a wide range of reactions, kinetics, and phases. Some specific continuous and intensified examples (shown in Figure ) and applications of these (and related) reactor categories include plate microreactors, − oscillatory flow reactors, − coiled flow inverters, − micro packed bed reactors, , plug flow reactors with static mixer inserts, − mixed-suspension mixed-product-removal (MSMPR) crystallizers, , and miniaturized CSTRs . Thus, pharmaceutical processes may be intensified through these three targets: intensification of the synthesis route via more direct and higher-yield pathways; reactor technologies , often miniaturized, with high surface-to-volume ratios and reduced transport lengths that facilitate the use of the intensified reactions in target 1; increased productivity through continuous processing with a high degree of automation and RTRT. When all three targets are incorporated into the design of a pharmaceutical process, the result is a higher-yield, higher-productivity continuous process that can run relatively autonomously and with a smaller footprint than typical batch or semibatch processes.…”

Section: Process Intensificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Monoplant Technology for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

Doyle

Elsner

Gutmann

et al. 2020

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Pharmaceutical production has historically relied on multipurpose batch vessels in order to produce material through scheduled production campaigns. Although this method is flexible, it is becoming less effective in addressing the changing landscape of pharmaceutical production, where more complex and potent molecules are required to be produced more rapidly and can have fluctuations in their demand. This article describes a method for developing intensified and dedicated pharmaceutical processes, known as mini-monoplants. Key value-generating aspects are described at each stage of development, from lab-based development of best-in-class processes to factory-based development for an accelerated time to market and finally to mini-monoplant technology for production at commercial scale.

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Coiled flow inverter as a novel alternative for the intensification of a liquid-liquid reaction

Cited by 42 publications

References 42 publications

Mixing characterization in different helically coiled configurations by laser-induced fluorescence

Mixing characterization in different helically coiled configurations by laser-induced fluorescence

Rapid synthesis of [Au25(Cys)18] nanoclusters via carbon monoxide in microfluidic liquid-liquid segmented flow system and their antimicrobial performance

Mini-Monoplant Technology for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

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